Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Movement Sciences, Universitat Hamburg.
Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University.
Emotion. 2023 Aug;23(5):1294-1305. doi: 10.1037/emo0001150. Epub 2022 Sep 15.
Psychotic experiences have been associated with distortions in affective functioning, including aberrancies in affect dynamics. However, it remains unclear whether the two principal symptom dimensions of psychosis, namely paranoid ideation and hallucination spectrum experiences, are differently associated with affect dynamics, and whether associations hold after statistically controlling for depressive symptoms. We investigate this by using a novel statistical approach, the hierarchical Ornstein-Uhlenbeck (OU) process model. This is a continuous-time stochastic differential equations model in a Bayesian framework that describes dynamics in affective valence and arousal via three core parameters: attractor point, variability, and attractor strength. In a community sample with varying levels of psychotic experiences ( = 116), we measured affective valence and arousal 10 times per day for 7 days, using the experience-sampling method. We found-while statistically controlling for depressive symptoms-credible between-subjects associations between paranoid ideation and attractor points of negative valence and high arousal. We also found a credible positive association between hallucination spectrum experiences and arousal variability. Limited evidence emerged for small associations between paranoid ideation and high valence variability as well as between paranoid ideation and high attractor strengths of valence and arousal. Hallucination spectrum experiences showed some evidence for a small association with high arousal attractor points. The detailed picture of affect dynamics provided by the OU model reveals different cross-sectional affective profiles associated with paranoid ideation versus hallucination spectrum experiences that suggest different affective mechanisms of their formation and maintenance. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
精神病性体验与情感功能障碍有关，包括情感动态异常。然而，目前尚不清楚精神病的两个主要症状维度，即妄想观念和幻觉谱系体验，是否与情感动态有不同的关联，以及在统计上控制抑郁症状后是否存在关联。我们通过使用一种新的统计方法，即层次奥恩斯坦-乌伦贝克（OU）过程模型来研究这一点。这是一个贝叶斯框架中的连续时间随机微分方程模型，通过三个核心参数来描述情感效价和唤醒的动态：吸引点、可变性和吸引强度。在一个具有不同精神病性体验水平的社区样本（n = 116）中，我们使用经验抽样法每天测量 10 次情感效价和唤醒。我们发现——在统计上控制抑郁症状后——妄想观念与负性效价和高唤醒的吸引点之间存在可信的个体间关联。我们还发现幻觉谱系体验与唤醒可变性之间存在可信的正相关。有限的证据表明，妄想观念与高正性效价可变性以及妄想观念与正性和唤醒的高吸引强度之间存在小的关联。幻觉谱系体验与高唤醒吸引点之间存在一些小的关联证据。OU 模型提供的情感动态详细图片揭示了与妄想观念和幻觉谱系体验相关的不同的横截面情感特征，这表明它们的形成和维持存在不同的情感机制。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2023 APA，保留所有权利）。
