CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.
Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China.
DNA Cell Biol. 2022 Oct;41(10):879-892. doi: 10.1089/dna.2022.0234. Epub 2022 Sep 14.
The striped knifejaw () and spotted knifejaw () are prominent members of the family and are rocky reef-loving fishes with high ecological and economic value. However, the frequent occurrence of diseases in these fishes has severely restricted the development of their breeding industry. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in resistance to pathogens as part of innate immunity. Genome-wide scans and cross-species comparative analysis revealed 10 TLRs in (OfTLRs) and only 5 in (OpTLRs). In contrast to those of mammals and other fishes, the TLR family of Oplegnathidae underwent significant contraction events, especially in (only TLR1, TLR2, TLR14, TLR5, and TLR21 were retained). A phylogenetic tree divided the 10 OfTLRs into 5 subfamilies: TLR1, TLR3, TLR5, TLR7, and TLR11. The five OpTLR genes were divided into three different subfamilies: TLR1, TLR5, and TLR11. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that all OpTLRs were expressed in the examined tissues, especially the immune system-related tissues, such as the spleen, gill, head kidney, and middle kidney. The expression of OpTLRs was high at the early stage of development (5 days posthatching [dph]) and decreased gradually until 30 dph. We speculated that maternal immunity or the developmental function of TLRs played an important protective role in the early stage. However, from 30 to 60 dph, TLR expression was low. At this time, juvenile fish are susceptible to viruses and begin to show TLR self-expression with weak immunity. Artificial immunity enhancement is needed to improve the environmental resistance of juvenile fish. In summary, our results not only provide valuable basic data for future studies of the TLR gene family in Oplegnathidae fish but also lay a solid foundation for Oplegnathidae fish research.
条纹刀额鲷（）和斑点刀额鲷（）是 的重要成员，它们是喜欢栖息在岩石礁中的鱼类，具有很高的生态和经济价值。然而，这些鱼类频繁发生疾病，严重限制了其养殖业的发展。Toll 样受体（TLRs）作为先天免疫的一部分，在抵抗病原体方面发挥着重要作用。全基因组扫描和跨物种比较分析显示，条纹刀额鲷（）有 10 个 TLRs（OfTLRs），而斑点刀额鲷（）只有 5 个（OpTLRs）。与哺乳动物和其他鱼类不同，Oplegnathidae 的 TLR 家族经历了显著的收缩事件，特别是在 （只保留了 TLR1、TLR2、TLR14、TLR5 和 TLR21）。系统发育树将 10 个 OfTLRs 分为 5 个亚家族：TLR1、TLR3、TLR5、TLR7 和 TLR11。五个 OpTLR 基因分为三个不同的亚家族：TLR1、TLR5 和 TLR11。实时定量 PCR 显示，所有 OpTLRs 在检测的组织中均有表达，特别是免疫系统相关组织，如脾脏、鳃、头肾和中肾。OpTLRs 的表达在发育早期（孵化后 5 天[5 dph]）较高，并逐渐降低，直到 30 dph。我们推测，母源性免疫或 TLR 发育功能在早期发挥了重要的保护作用。然而，从 30 天到 60 天，TLR 的表达较低。此时，幼鱼易受病毒感染，并开始表现出 TLR 自我表达，免疫力较弱。需要进行人工免疫增强，以提高幼鱼的环境抵抗力。综上所述，我们的研究结果不仅为 Oplegnathidae 鱼类 TLR 基因家族的未来研究提供了有价值的基础数据，也为 Oplegnathidae 鱼类研究奠定了坚实的基础。
