Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea.
Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea.
Sci Adv. 2022 Sep 16;8(37):eadc9317. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adc9317.
Lipids are crucial components of cellular function owing to their role in membrane formation, intercellular signaling, energy storage, and homeostasis maintenance. In the brain, lipid dysregulations have been associated with the etiology and progression of neurodegeneration and other neurological pathologies. Hence, brain lipids are emerging as important potential targets for the early diagnosis and prognosis of neurological diseases. This review aims to highlight the significance and usefulness of lipidomics in diagnosing and treating brain diseases. We explored lipid alterations associated with brain diseases, paying attention to organ-specific characteristics and the functions of brain lipids. As the recent advances in brain lipidomics would have been impossible without advances in analytical techniques, we provide up-to-date information on mass spectrometric approaches and integrative analysis with other omic approaches. Last, we present the potential applications of lipidomics combined with artificial intelligence techniques and interdisciplinary collaborative research for treating brain diseases with clinical heterogeneities.
脂质是细胞功能的关键组成部分，因为它们在膜形成、细胞间信号传递、能量储存和内稳态维持方面发挥作用。在大脑中，脂质失调与神经退行性变和其他神经病理学的病因和进展有关。因此，脑脂质作为神经疾病早期诊断和预后的重要潜在靶点正在出现。本综述旨在强调脂质组学在诊断和治疗脑部疾病方面的重要性和实用性。我们探讨了与脑部疾病相关的脂质变化，关注器官特异性特征和脑脂质的功能。由于如果没有分析技术的进步，脑脂质组学的最新进展是不可能的，因此我们提供了关于质谱方法的最新信息，并与其他组学方法进行了综合分析。最后，我们展示了脂质组学与人工智能技术相结合的潜在应用以及跨学科合作研究，以治疗具有临床异质性的脑部疾病。
