Gaidhane Abhay, Kirti Vipul, Bharadawaj Pankaj, Gaidhane Shilpa, Khatib Nazli, Saxena Deepak, Telrandhe Shital, Patil Manoj, Choudhari Sonali, Zahiruddin Quazi Syed
School of Epidemiology and Public Health and Department of Community Medicine, J N Medical College, Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
Department of Zoology, Government Holkar Science College, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2022 Jun;11(6):3161-3166. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1109_21. Epub 2022 Jun 30.
Soil-transmitted helminths (STH) infections are among the most common and widespread infections in developing countries where sanitation facilities are inadequate.
This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of STH infections in prenatal mothers in two states in India.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Maharashtra and Rajasthan state of India. We randomly selected one municipal corporation and one rural block from a selected district in each state.
Out of 2400 contacted, 2206 pregnant women gave stool samples for microscopy for parasitological study. The response rate was 89.91%. Stool specimens were transported to an accredited lab and examined microscopically within 24 hrs.
Prevalence of STH was 8.34 (95%CI 7.22-9.57). The prevalence in rural and urban areas was 10.01% (95%CI 8.51-11.74) and 5.76% (95%CI 4.39-7.52), respectively. Ascaris lumbricoides (34.7%) were the most common, followed by Entamoeba histolytica (30.43%), and 20.1% were mixed infections. Higher age, walking barefoot, weight gain during pregnancy were significantly associated with STH (p < 0.05). The mean hemoglobin value in women with STH was significantly less (8.75 gm%; SD 4.04) compared to those without STH (10.23 gm%; SD 1.23) (p < 0.05), and average weight gain during pregnancy was significantly less among women with STH (3.80 kg; 4.11) compared to women without STH (8.45 kg; 2.83); (p = 0.000).
The study provides valuable insights into the burden and intensity of STH in pregnant women that may support the policy recommendation for deworming during pregnancy.
在卫生设施不足的发展中国家，土壤传播的蠕虫（STH）感染是最常见且分布最广泛的感染之一。
本研究旨在估计印度两个邦产前母亲中STH感染的患病率。
在印度的马哈拉施特拉邦和拉贾斯坦邦进行了一项横断面调查。我们从每个邦的一个选定地区随机选择了一个市政当局和一个农村街区。
在接触的2400人中，2206名孕妇提供了粪便样本用于寄生虫学研究的显微镜检查。应答率为89.91%。粪便标本被运送到一家认可的实验室，并在24小时内进行显微镜检查。
STH的患病率为8.34（95%可信区间7.22 - 9.57）。农村和城市地区的患病率分别为10.01%（95%可信区间8.51 - 11.74）和5.76%（95%可信区间4.39 - 7.52）。蛔虫（34.7%）最为常见，其次是溶组织内阿米巴（30.43%），20.1%为混合感染。年龄较大、赤脚行走、孕期体重增加与STH感染显著相关（p < 0.05）。与未感染STH的女性相比，感染STH的女性平均血红蛋白值显著较低（8.75克/%;标准差4.04）（10.23克/%;标准差1.23）（p < 0.05），且感染STH的女性孕期平均体重增加显著低于未感染STH的女性（3.80千克;4.11）（8.45千克;2.83）；（p = 0.000）。
该研究为孕妇中STH的负担和感染强度提供了有价值的见解，可能支持孕期驱虫的政策建议。
