Chiu Ching-Wen, Liu Chieh-Hsing
Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University Taipei, New Taipei City, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Department of Nursing, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
BMC Nurs. 2022 Sep 19;21(1):257. doi: 10.1186/s12912-022-01042-6.
Aromatherapy is effective in treating pain; however, aromatherapy is not offered in formal nursing education in Taiwan. This study designed aromatherapy training courses for nurses using the flipped teaching approach and explored the effectiveness of the method, which can serve as a reference for future aromatherapy courses.
A quasi-experimental design and convenience sampling were adopted. The participants were nurses who had been employed for over one year in two hospitals in Taiwan. Forty nurses were included in the experimental and control groups. The intervention of this study was performed in February 2020. Nurses in the control group received one hour of introduction to the use of aromatherapy in pain management. This class was delivered using the traditional teaching method, during which a researcher served as the lecturer. Nurses in the experimental group received a 2.5-h flipped teaching course on aromatherapy. Two weeks before classroom activities, the nurses in the experimental group watched a 30-min aromatherapy concept video on an e-learning teaching platform. Thereafter, the nurses participated in two hours of classroom teaching in both groups. The course design included group discussions, mind mapping, case discussion, practice with essential oils, and do-it-yourself essential oil preparation.
Pre- and post-test knowledge and self-efficacy in aromatherapy were assessed. There were no significant differences in the pre-test knowledge and self-efficacy scores between the two groups. The test was analyzed using a generalized estimating equation. Post-test knowledge and self-efficacy results showed that the change in scores in the experimental group was significantly better than that in the control group, indicating that flipped teaching improved the participants' knowledge and self-efficacy in aromatherapy.
This study confirmed that flipped teaching was effective in helping nursing personnel learn aromatherapy. Implementation of aromatherapy by nurses in clinical practice and its impact on patient care should be further assessed.
芳香疗法在疼痛治疗中有效；然而，台湾的正规护理教育中并未提供芳香疗法课程。本研究采用翻转教学法为护士设计了芳香疗法培训课程，并探讨了该方法的有效性，可为未来的芳香疗法课程提供参考。
采用准实验设计和便利抽样。参与者为台湾两家医院工作一年以上的护士。实验组和对照组各纳入40名护士。本研究的干预于2020年2月进行。对照组护士接受了一小时关于芳香疗法在疼痛管理中应用的介绍。该课程采用传统教学方法授课，由一名研究人员担任讲师。实验组护士接受了2.5小时的芳香疗法翻转教学课程。在课堂活动前两周，实验组护士在电子学习教学平台上观看了30分钟的芳香疗法概念视频。此后，两组护士都参加了两小时的课堂教学。课程设计包括小组讨论、思维导图、病例讨论、精油实践以及自制精油。
对芳香疗法的测试前知识和自我效能进行了评估。两组在测试前的知识和自我效能得分无显著差异。采用广义估计方程对测试进行分析。测试后知识和自我效能结果显示，实验组的得分变化显著优于对照组，表明翻转教学提高了参与者在芳香疗法方面的知识和自我效能。
本研究证实翻转教学在帮助护理人员学习芳香疗法方面是有效的。护士在临床实践中实施芳香疗法及其对患者护理的影响应进一步评估。
