Dong Kui, Pu Ji, Yang Jing, Zhou Guohong, Ji Xuan, Kang Zhiming, Li Juan, Yuan Min, Ning Xiaoling, Zhang Zhaoxia, Ma XingYu, Cheng Yanpeng, Li Hong, Ma Qin, Li Hong, Zhao Lijun, Lei Wenjing, Sun Bin, Xu Jianguo
Shanxi Eye Hospital, Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Taiyuan, China.
School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
Front Microbiol. 2022 Sep 2;13:950591. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.950591. eCollection 2022.
To characterize the healthy ocular surface microbiota at the species level, including cultured and uncultured taxa.
We integrated the metataxonomic method with culturomics and genome sequencing analysis of selected isolated strains to better illustrate the taxonomic structure of the ocular surface microbiota. The metataxonomics used the full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences and the operational phylogenetic unit strategy, which can precisely identify the cultured and uncultured or potentially new taxa to species level based on the phylogenetic tree constructed.
We detected 1,731 operational phylogenetic units (OPUs) in 196 healthy eyes from 128 people, affiliated to 796 cultured species, 784 potentially new species, and 151 potentially new higher taxa. The microbiota for each eye had 49.17 ± 35.66 OPUs. Of the 796 cultured species, 170 (21.36%) had previously caused clinical infections. Based on where they were initially isolated, the ocular surface microbiota mainly came from human body sites (34.55%), the environment (36.93%), plants (9.05%), animals (4.90%), and others; 428 strains were isolated from 20 eyes, affiliated to 42 species, and had come from the environment (33.33%) and the skin (16.67%). Of these, 47.62% had previously caused clinical infections. Genome analysis of 73 isolators revealed that 68.5% of them carried antibiotic resistance genes. The most frequently isolated genera, namely , and , had an average of 5.30, four, and three resistance genes per strain, respectively.
The study found that the ocular surface microbiota mainly came from the environment, plants, animals, food, and human body sites such as the skin, oral cavity, upper respiratory tract, etc. No core member of ocular surface microbiota was detected at the species level. The human eyes were invaded and colonized by bacteria from the exposed environment, some of which were capable of causing infections in humans and carried antibiotic resistance genes. Preventive measures should be developed to protect our eyes from danger.
在物种水平上对健康眼表微生物群进行特征描述，包括可培养和不可培养的分类群。
我们将宏分类学方法与培养组学以及对选定分离菌株的基因组测序分析相结合，以更好地阐明眼表微生物群的分类结构。宏分类学使用全长16S rRNA基因序列和操作系统发育单元策略，该策略可以基于构建的系统发育树在物种水平上精确识别可培养和不可培养或潜在的新分类群。
我们在来自128人的196只健康眼睛中检测到1731个操作系统发育单元（OPU），隶属于796个可培养物种、784个潜在新物种和151个潜在新的高级分类群。每只眼睛的微生物群有49.17±35.66个OPU。在796个可培养物种中，有170个（21.36%）以前曾引起临床感染。根据最初分离的部位，眼表微生物群主要来自人体部位（34.55%）、环境（36.93%）、植物（9.05%）、动物（4.90%）和其他；从20只眼睛中分离出428株菌株，隶属于42个物种，它们来自环境（33.33%）和皮肤（16.67%）。其中，47.62%以前曾引起临床感染。对73株分离菌的基因组分析表明，其中68.5%携带抗生素抗性基因。最常分离的属，即 、 和 ，每株菌株平均分别有5.30个、4个和3个抗性基因。
该研究发现眼表微生物群主要来自环境、植物、动物、食物以及皮肤、口腔、上呼吸道等人体部位。在物种水平上未检测到眼表微生物群的核心成员。人眼受到来自暴露环境中细菌的侵袭和定植，其中一些能够在人类中引起感染并携带抗生素抗性基因。应制定预防措施以保护我们的眼睛免受危险。
