The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Vectors for Biomedicine, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Viral Vector Technology in Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Quality Control Technology for Virus-Based Therapeutics, Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
Neurosci Bull. 2022 Dec;38(12):1508-1518. doi: 10.1007/s12264-022-00949-z. Epub 2022 Sep 22.
Neural circuits provide an anatomical basis for functional networks. Therefore, dissecting the structure of neural circuits is essential to understanding how the brain works. Recombinant neurotropic viruses are important tools for neural circuit tracing with many advantages over non-viral tracers: they allow for anterograde, retrograde, and trans-synaptic delivery of tracers in a cell type-specific, circuit-selective manner. In this review, we summarize the recent developments in the viral tools for neural circuit tracing, discuss the key principles of using viral tools in neuroscience research, and highlight innovations for developing and optimizing viral tools for neural circuit tracing across diverse animal species, including nonhuman primates.
神经回路为功能网络提供了解剖学基础。因此，解析神经回路的结构对于理解大脑如何工作至关重要。重组神经病毒是神经回路示踪的重要工具，与非病毒示踪剂相比具有许多优势：它们以细胞类型特异性、回路选择性的方式允许顺行、逆行和跨突触传递示踪剂。在这篇综述中，我们总结了神经回路示踪病毒工具的最新进展，讨论了在神经科学研究中使用病毒工具的关键原则，并强调了开发和优化跨不同动物物种（包括非人类灵长类动物）神经回路示踪病毒工具的创新。
