Krüger Nina, Rüther Johanna Nuria
Department Differential Psychology and Psychological Assessment, Institute of Psychology, University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
Institut für Gerichtspsychologische Gutachten, 22926 Ahrensburg, Germany.
Children (Basel). 2022 Sep 7;9(9):1363. doi: 10.3390/children9091363.
The German version of the Parenting stress Index from Abidin, the Eltern-Belastungs-Inventar (EBI) merely provides reference samples of 538 mothers of children in toddlers and preschool age. Although meant to measure parenting stress, there are no father specific reference samples provided. The aim was to investigate differences in parenting stress between fathers and the provided reference samples of German mothers. Furthermore, the aim was to examine potential differences in the perceived stress between fathers who did and those who did not take parental leave. A total of 497 fathers living in Germany, of which more than half took parental leave, filled out the questionnaire via an online survey or the paper-pencil-version. All fathers completed the EBI and provided socio-economic data. The collected data were analyzed in terms of test quality, such as mean and standard deviation, corrected item-total correlation and reliability. Moreover, differences between the provided norm data and our sample were calculated. Analyses showed that fathers reported significantly higher levels of parenting stress than mothers. Furthermore, fathers taking parental leave did not differ significantly from those who did not, regarding their level of education or their perceived parenting stress. In conclusion, as it stands right now, the EBI does not adequately measure parenting stress in fathers, and father specific norms are needed to properly assess their levels of parenting stress. The results concerning parenting stress and parental leave were thus inconclusive. Furthermore, since reducing parenting stress in fathers is beneficial for the child's development and the welfare of the parents, further studies focusing on fathers' parenting stress are needed.
阿比丁编制的《育儿压力指数》德文版，即《 Eltern-Belastungs-Inventar 》（EBI）仅提供了538名幼儿和学龄前儿童母亲的参考样本。尽管该指数旨在衡量育儿压力，但并未提供针对父亲的特定参考样本。研究目的是调查父亲与德国母亲参考样本在育儿压力上的差异。此外，研究目的还包括考察休育儿假的父亲与未休育儿假的父亲在感知压力方面的潜在差异。共有497名居住在德国的父亲参与了调查，其中一半以上休了育儿假，他们通过在线调查或纸质问卷填写了问卷。所有父亲都完成了EBI问卷并提供了社会经济数据。收集到的数据从测试质量方面进行了分析，如均值和标准差、校正后的项目总分相关性和信度。此外，还计算了所提供的常模数据与我们样本之间的差异。分析表明，父亲报告的育儿压力水平显著高于母亲。此外，在教育程度或感知到的育儿压力方面，休育儿假的父亲与未休育儿假的父亲没有显著差异。总之，就目前情况而言，EBI不能充分衡量父亲的育儿压力，需要有针对父亲的特定常模来正确评估他们的育儿压力水平。因此，关于育儿压力和育儿假的结果尚无定论。此外，由于减轻父亲的育儿压力对孩子的发展和父母的幸福有益，需要进一步开展关注父亲育儿压力的研究。
