Abe Kazuaki, Daniunaite Ieva, Truskauskaitė-Kunevičienė Inga, Sugimura Kazumi, Zelviene Paulina, Hihara Shogo, Kamite Yuka, Kazlauskas Evaldas
Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Hiroshima 739-8524, Japan.
Center for Psychotraumatology, Institute of Psychology, Vilnius University, 01300 Vilnius, Lithuania.
Brain Sci. 2022 Aug 31;12(9):1172. doi: 10.3390/brainsci12091172.
Although there is increasing knowledge about adjustment disorder (AjD) based on the new diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), less is known on AjD in adolescents. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of AjD and its risk factors in Japanese and Lithuanian adolescents.
The cross-sectional study sample comprised 1745 adolescents from Japan ( = 913) and Lithuania ( = 832). AjD was assessed using the Adjustment Disorder New Module-8 (ADNM-8). We compared the prevalence of AjD in Japanese and Lithuanian adolescents. Using multinominal logistic regression analysis, we examined the effects of age, gender, socioeconomic status, and cumulative stressors as societal and cultural factors, resilience as an intrapersonal factor, and loneliness and perceived support as interpersonal factors on adolescent AjD.
The prevalence of probable AjD was 11.7% in Lithuanian adolescents and 6.9% in Japanese adolescents. Gender, socioeconomic status, cumulative stressors, resilience, loneliness, and perceived positive social support were each significantly associated with AjD risk.
This cross-cultural comparative study revealed characteristics of the stressors and prevalence of AjD among Japanese and Lithuanian adolescents. In terms of the socio-interpersonal framework model for the stress-response syndrome, sociocultural, intrapersonal, and interpersonal factors were found to be risk factors associated with AjD in adolescents.
尽管基于《国际疾病分类》（ICD - 11）的新诊断标准，人们对适应障碍（AjD）的了解日益增多，但对于青少年适应障碍的了解却较少。本研究旨在调查日本和立陶宛青少年中适应障碍的患病率及其危险因素。
这项横断面研究的样本包括来自日本（n = 913）和立陶宛（n = 832）的1745名青少年。使用适应障碍新模块 - 8（ADNM - 8）对适应障碍进行评估。我们比较了日本和立陶宛青少年中适应障碍的患病率。使用多项逻辑回归分析，我们研究了年龄、性别、社会经济地位以及作为社会和文化因素的累积应激源、作为个人内部因素的心理韧性以及作为人际因素的孤独感和感知到的支持对青少年适应障碍的影响。
立陶宛青少年中可能患有适应障碍的患病率为11.7%，日本青少年为6.9%。性别、社会经济地位、累积应激源、心理韧性、孤独感和感知到的积极社会支持均与适应障碍风险显著相关。
这项跨文化比较研究揭示了日本和立陶宛青少年中应激源的特征以及适应障碍的患病率。就应激反应综合征的社会人际框架模型而言，社会文化、个人内部和人际因素被发现是与青少年适应障碍相关的危险因素。
