Leong Ellenmae W X, Ge Ruowen
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore.
Biomedicines. 2022 Sep 2;10(9):2179. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10092179.
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as a powerful non-viral carrier for drug delivery. With the prevalence of respiratory diseases, particularly highlighted by the current COVID-19 pandemic, investigations into applying LNPs to deliver inhaled therapeutics directly to the lungs are underway. The progress in LNP development as well as the recent pre-clinical studies in three main classes of inhaled encapsulated drugs: small molecules, nucleic acids and proteins/peptides will be discussed. The advantages of the pulmonary drug delivery system such as reducing systemic toxicity and enabling higher local drug concentration in the lungs are evaluated together with the challenges and design considerations for improved formulations. This review provides a perspective on the future prospects of LNP-mediated delivery of inhaled therapeutics for respiratory diseases.
脂质纳米颗粒（LNPs）已成为一种强大的非病毒药物递送载体。随着呼吸系统疾病的普遍存在，尤其是当前新冠疫情突出了这一问题，目前正在开展将LNPs应用于直接向肺部递送吸入性治疗药物的研究。本文将讨论LNP开发的进展以及最近在三类主要的吸入性封装药物（小分子、核酸和蛋白质/肽）方面的临床前研究。评估了肺部药物递送系统的优势，如降低全身毒性和在肺部实现更高的局部药物浓度，以及改进制剂的挑战和设计考量。本综述提供了关于LNP介导的吸入性治疗药物用于呼吸系统疾病的未来前景的观点。
