原花青素调节瘤胃酶活性和蛋白质在体外的利用。

Proanthocyanidins Modulate Rumen Enzyme Activities and Protein Utilization In Vitro.

机构信息

ICAR-Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi 284003, India.

College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.

出版信息

Molecules. 2022 Sep 10;27(18):5870. doi: 10.3390/molecules27185870.

DOI:10.3390/molecules27185870

PMID:36144604

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9505871/

Abstract

This study investigated the principal leaf protein (rubisco) solubilization and in vitro ruminal enzyme activity in relation to the molecular structure of proanthocyanidins extracted from leaves of Anogeissus pendula and Eugenia jambolana. Six proanthocyanidin fractions were extracted by 50% (v/v) methanol−water followed by 70% (v/v) acetone−water and then distilled water from leaves of A. pendula (AP) and E. jambolana (EJ) to yield EJ−70, EJ−50, EJ−DW, AP−70, AP−50 and AP−DW. Fractions were examined for their molecular structure and their effects on sheep ruminal enzymes and solubilization of rubisco in vitro. All fractions significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited the activity of ruminal glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic pyruvic transaminase. The fractions AP−50 and EJ−50 significantly inhibited the activity of the R-cellulase enzyme. Most of the fractions inhibited R-glutamate dehydrogenase activity (p < 0.05) by increasing its concentration, while protease activity decreased by up to 58% with increasing incubation time and concentration. The solubilization of rubisco was observed to be comparatively higher in A. pendula (16.60 ± 1.97%) and E. jambolana (15.03 ± 1.06%) than that of wheat straw (8.95 ± 0.95%) and berseem hay (3.04 ± 0.08%). A significant (p < 0.05) increase in protein solubilization was observed when wheat straw and berseem hay were supplemented with A. pendula and E. jambolana leaves at different proportions. The efficiency of microbial protein was significantly (p < 0.05) greater with the supplementation of leaves of A. pendula in comparison to E. jambolana. The overall conclusion is that the proanthocyanidins obtained from E. jambolana exhibited greater inhibitory activities on rumen enzymes, whereas A. pendula recorded higher protein solubilization. Thus, PAs from A. pendula and E. jambolana appear to have the potential to manipulate rumen enzyme activities for efficient utilization of protein and fiber in ruminants.

摘要

本研究调查了从银荆（Anogeissus pendula）和丁香（Eugenia jambolana）叶片中提取的原花青素（proanthocyanidins）与主叶蛋白（rubisco）的溶解和体外瘤胃酶活性之间的关系。通过 50%（v/v）甲醇-水和 70%（v/v）丙酮-水以及蒸馏水从银荆（AP）和丁香（EJ）叶片中提取了 6 种原花青素级分，分别得到 EJ-70、EJ-50、EJ-DW、AP-70、AP-50 和 AP-DW。对这些级分的分子结构及其对绵羊瘤胃酶和体外 rubisco 溶解的影响进行了研究。所有级分均显著（p < 0.05）抑制了瘤胃谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶的活性。AP-50 和 EJ-50 级分显著抑制了 R-纤维素酶的活性。大多数级分通过增加其浓度来抑制 R-谷氨酸脱氢酶的活性（p < 0.05），而蛋白酶活性在孵育时间和浓度增加的情况下降低了多达 58%。与小麦秸秆（8.95 ± 0.95%）和波斯苜蓿干草（3.04 ± 0.08%）相比，观察到银荆和丁香叶片的 rubisco 溶解率相对较高，分别为 16.60 ± 1.97%和 15.03 ± 1.06%。当以不同比例向小麦秸秆和波斯苜蓿干草中添加银荆和丁香叶时，观察到蛋白质溶解显著增加（p < 0.05）。与添加丁香叶相比，添加银荆叶时微生物蛋白的效率显著更高（p < 0.05）。总体结论是，从丁香中获得的原花青素对瘤胃酶的抑制活性更大，而银荆的蛋白质溶解率更高。因此，银荆和丁香中的 PA 似乎有可能操纵瘤胃酶活性，以提高反刍动物对蛋白质和纤维的利用效率。