Liang Qiang, Liu Jian Ning, Fang Hongcheng, Dong Yuhui, Wang Changxi, Bao Yan, Hou Wenrui, Zhou Rui, Ma Xinmei, Gai Shasha, Wang Lichang, Li Shouke, Yang Ke Qiang, Sang Ya Lin
College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China.
Worth Agricultural Development Co. Ltd., Weifang, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Sep 6;13:991197. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.991197. eCollection 2022.
Yellowhorn () is an oil-bearing tree species growing naturally in poor soil. The kernel of yellowhorn contains valuable fatty acids like nervonic acid. However, the genetic basis underlying the biosynthesis of valued fatty acids and adaptation to harsh environments is mainly unexplored in yellowhorn. Here, we presented a haplotype-resolved chromosome-scale genome assembly of yellowhorn with the size of 490.44 Mb containing scaffold N50 of 34.27 Mb. Comparative genomics, in combination with transcriptome profiling analyses, showed that expansion of gene families like long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase and ankyrins contribute to yellowhorn fatty acid biosynthesis and defense against abiotic stresses, respectively. By integrating genomic and transcriptomic data of yellowhorn, we found that the transcription of gene was consistent with the accumulation of nervonic and erucic acid biosynthesis, suggesting its critical regulatory roles in their biosynthesis. Collectively, these results enhance our understanding of the genetic basis underlying the biosynthesis of valuable fatty acids and adaptation to harsh environments in yellowhorn and provide foundations for its genetic improvement.
文冠果（）是一种生长在贫瘠土壤中的含油树种。文冠果种子含有神经酸等有价值的脂肪酸。然而，文冠果中具有价值的脂肪酸生物合成以及对恶劣环境适应性的遗传基础主要尚未被探索。在此，我们展示了一个单倍型解析的染色体水平文冠果基因组组装，其大小为490.44 Mb，支架N50为34.27 Mb。比较基因组学与转录组分析相结合表明，长链酰基辅酶A合成酶和锚蛋白等基因家族的扩张分别有助于文冠果脂肪酸生物合成和抵御非生物胁迫。通过整合文冠果的基因组和转录组数据，我们发现基因的转录与神经酸和芥酸生物合成的积累一致，表明其在它们生物合成中的关键调控作用。总的来说，这些结果增强了我们对文冠果中具有价值的脂肪酸生物合成以及对恶劣环境适应性的遗传基础的理解，并为其遗传改良提供了基础。
