Boutry Justine, Tissot Sophie, Mekaoui Narimène, Dujon Antoine, Meliani Jordan, Hamede Rodrigo, Ujvari Beata, Roche Benjamin, Nedelcu Aurora M, Tokolyi Jácint, Thomas Frédéric
CREEC/CANECEV (CREES), MIVEGEC, Unité Mixte de Recherches, IRD 224-CNRS 5290-Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia.
iScience. 2022 Aug 31;25(10):105034. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105034. eCollection 2022 Oct 21.
Although tumors can occur during the lifetime of most multicellular organisms and have the potential to influence health, how they alter life-history traits in tumor-bearing individuals remains poorly documented. This question was explored using the freshwater cnidarian , a species sometimes affected by vertically transmitted tumors. We found that tumorous polyps have a reduced survival compared to healthy ones. However, they also displayed higher asexual reproductive effort, by producing more often multiple buds than healthy ones. A similar acceleration is observed for the sexual reproduction (estimated through gamete production). Because tumoral cells are not transmitted through this reproductive mode, this finding suggests that hosts may adaptively respond to tumors, compensating the expected fitness losses by increasing their immediate reproductive effort. This study supports the hypothesis that tumorigenesis has the potential to influence the biology, ecology, and evolution of multicellular species, and thus should be considered more by evolutionary ecologists.
尽管肿瘤可在大多数多细胞生物的生命周期中出现，并有可能影响健康，但肿瘤个体如何改变其生活史特征仍鲜见记载。我们利用淡水刺胞动物来探究这个问题，该物种有时会受到垂直传播肿瘤的影响。我们发现，与健康息肉相比，患肿瘤的息肉存活率较低。然而，它们的无性繁殖能力也更强，比健康息肉更频繁地产生多个芽体。有性繁殖（通过配子产生来估计）也出现了类似的加速现象。由于肿瘤细胞不会通过这种繁殖方式传播，这一发现表明宿主可能会对肿瘤做出适应性反应，通过增加直接繁殖努力来补偿预期的适合度损失。本研究支持了这样一种假说，即肿瘤发生有可能影响多细胞物种的生物学、生态学和进化，因此进化生态学家应更多地予以考虑。
