Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania.
Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania.
Cryobiology. 2022 Dec;109:62-71. doi: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2022.09.003. Epub 2022 Sep 21.
Cold exposure-induced secretion of stress hormones activates cold-defense responses and mobilizes substrates for increased energy demands to fuel thermogenesis. However, it is unclear whether acute cold exposure-induced stress hormone response kinetics affect circulating lipid parameter kinetics. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the 2-day kinetics of stress hormones (i.e., cortisol, epinephrine, and norepinephrine) and the lipid profile (i.e., total cholesterol [TC], high-density lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein [LDL] cholesterol, and triglycerides) in response to whole-body long- (intermittent 170 min; 170-CWI) or short-duration (10 min; 10-CWI) cold-water immersion (CWI; 14 °C water) in 17 healthy, young, adult men. Both CWI trials induced a marked release of the stress hormones, epinephrine, and norepinephrine, with higher concentrations detected after 170-CWI (p < 0.05) and a disrupted diurnal peak of cortisol lasting for a few hours. 170-CWI increased triglyceride levels from immediately after until 2 h after CWI, thereafter the concentration decreased at 4 h, 6 h, 1 day and 2 days after CWI (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the HDL-cholesterol level increased immediately after and at 6 h after 170-CWI (p < 0.05), while TC and LDL-cholesterol levels were not altered within 2 days. Lipid parameters were not affected within the 2 days after 10-CWI. Although both CWIs decreased deep body temperature and increased stress hormone levels for a few hours, only long-duration CWI induced changes in the circulating lipid profile within 2 days after CWI. This should be considered when discussing therapeutic protocols to improve circulating lipid profiles and ameliorate diseases associated with such profiles.
冷暴露引起的应激激素分泌会激活冷防御反应，并动员底物以增加能量需求，为产热提供燃料。然而，目前尚不清楚急性冷暴露诱导的应激激素反应动力学是否会影响循环脂质参数动力学。因此，我们旨在研究全身长（间歇性 170 分钟；170-CWI）或短（10 分钟；10-CWI）时间冷水浸泡（CWI；14°C 水）对 17 名健康年轻成年男性应激激素（即皮质醇、肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素）和血脂谱（即总胆固醇[TC]、高密度脂蛋白[HDL]胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白[LDL]胆固醇和甘油三酯）的 2 天动力学变化。两种 CWI 试验均引起应激激素肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素的明显释放，170-CWI 后检测到更高的浓度（p<0.05），皮质醇的昼夜高峰被打乱，持续数小时。170-CWI 使甘油三酯水平在 CWI 后立即升高，直到 CWI 后 2 小时，然后在 CWI 后 4 小时、6 小时、1 天和 2 天降低（p<0.05）。此外，170-CWI 后立即和 6 小时后 HDL 胆固醇水平升高（p<0.05），而 TC 和 LDL 胆固醇水平在 2 天内没有变化。10-CWI 后 2 天内脂质参数没有变化。尽管两种 CWI 都会使深部体温降低并在数小时内增加应激激素水平，但只有长时间 CWI 会在 CWI 后 2 天内引起循环脂质谱的变化。在讨论改善循环脂质谱和改善与这种脂质谱相关的疾病的治疗方案时，应考虑这一点。
