Wesołowski Roland, Mila-Kierzenkowska Celestyna, Pawłowska Marta, Szewczyk-Golec Karolina, Saletnik Łukasz, Sutkowy Paweł, Woźniak Alina
Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
Department of Vascular and Internal Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
Metabolites. 2023 Jan 17;13(2):143. doi: 10.3390/metabo13020143.
Baths in cold water are a popular physical activity performed to improve health. This study aimed to determine whether repeated cold-water exposure leads to the up-regulation of antioxidant defenses and whether or not this leads to a reduction in basal and/or acute pulses of oxidative distress in humans. The study group consisted of 28 healthy male members of the WS club (average age 39.3 ± 6.1 years). The study sessions occurred at the beginning and the end of the WS season. During the WS season, the participants took 3-min cold-water baths in a cold lake once a week. Blood samples were collected three times during each session: before the bath, 30 min after the bath, and 24 h after the bath. The activity of selected antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), as well as the concentration of lipid peroxidation (LPO) products, including thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and conjugated dienes (CD), were determined in erythrocytes. The concentration of TBARS, CD, retinol, and α-tocopherol were determined in the blood plasma, whereas the level of other LPO products, including 4-hydroxynonenal and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α, were determined in the blood serum. The repeated cold exposure up-regulated most antioxidant defenses, and this led to an attenuation of most indicators of oxidative stress at the baseline and acute pulses in response to cold exposure. In conclusion, due to regular cold exposure, the antioxidant barrier of winter swimmers was stimulated. Thus, short cold-bath sessions seem to be an effective intervention, inducing promoting positive adaptive changes such as the increased antioxidant capacity of the organism.
冷水浴是一种广受欢迎的旨在改善健康的体育活动。本研究旨在确定反复暴露于冷水中是否会导致抗氧化防御上调，以及这是否会导致人类基础和/或急性氧化应激脉冲的减少。研究组由WS俱乐部的28名健康男性成员组成（平均年龄39.3±6.1岁）。研究时段在WS赛季开始和结束时进行。在WS赛季期间，参与者每周在寒冷的湖泊中进行一次3分钟的冷水浴。每次时段内采集三次血样：浴前、浴后30分钟和浴后24小时。测定红细胞中选定抗氧化酶的活性，包括超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx），以及脂质过氧化（LPO）产物的浓度，包括硫代巴比妥酸反应性物质（TBARS）和共轭二烯（CD）。测定血浆中TBARS、CD、视黄醇和α-生育酚的浓度，而测定血清中其他LPO产物的水平，包括4-羟基壬烯醛和8-异前列腺素F2α。反复的冷暴露上调了大多数抗氧化防御，这导致基线和冷暴露后急性脉冲时大多数氧化应激指标的减弱。总之，由于经常进行冷暴露，冬泳者的抗氧化屏障受到刺激。因此，短时间的冷水浴似乎是一种有效的干预措施，能诱导促进积极的适应性变化，如机体抗氧化能力的增强。
