Henrique Jessica Salles, Braga Pedro Luiz Garcia, de Almeida Sandro Soares, Nunes Nathalia Santanna Petraconi, Benfato Izabelle Dias, Arida Ricardo Mario, de Oliveira Camila Aparecida Machado, Gomes da Silva Sérgio
Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Psychogerontology, Instituto Educatie de Ensino e Pesquisa, Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil.
Front Aging Neurosci. 2022 Sep 9;14:943934. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.943934. eCollection 2022.
During aging, physical integrity and cognitive abilities, especially executive function, become compromised, directly influencing the quality of life of the elderly. One good strategy to ensure healthy aging is the practice of physical exercise. Activities to improve aerobic capacity and muscle strength are extremely important in old age. However, some genetic factors can interfere both positively and negatively with these gains. In this context, the polymorphism rs1815739 (R577X) of the α-actinin 3 gene (ACTN-3) is commonly studied and related to muscle phenotype. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of the ACTN-3 gene polymorphism on the functional fitness (measured by the Senior Fit test) and cognitive capacity (evaluated by the Stroop test) of the elderly ( = 347), both men and women. We did not find the effect of genotype on functional fitness, but we did observed a positive effect of the ACTN-3 gene polymorphism on executive function. The presence of the X allele of the ACTN3 gene in the elderly was related to a better performance in the Stroop test (shorter answer time). Our results showed that ACTN-3 gene polymorphism affects the executive function of the elderly but not their functional fitness.
在衰老过程中，身体完整性和认知能力，尤其是执行功能，会受到损害，直接影响老年人的生活质量。确保健康衰老的一个好策略是进行体育锻炼。提高有氧能力和肌肉力量的活动在老年时期极为重要。然而，一些遗传因素会对这些收益产生积极和消极的影响。在此背景下，α-辅肌动蛋白3基因（ACTN-3）的多态性rs1815739（R577X）常被研究并与肌肉表型相关。因此，本研究旨在调查ACTN-3基因多态性对老年人（n = 347，包括男性和女性）的功能适应性（通过老年体能测试衡量）和认知能力（通过斯特鲁普测试评估）的影响。我们没有发现基因型对功能适应性的影响，但确实观察到ACTN-3基因多态性对执行功能有积极影响。老年人中ACTN3基因X等位基因的存在与斯特鲁普测试中更好的表现（更短的回答时间）相关。我们的结果表明，ACTN-3基因多态性影响老年人的执行功能，但不影响其功能适应性。
