Lu Danqing, Ding Xiaomin, Lu Wenqing
Department of Orthopedics, The Second People's Hospital of Kunshan, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
Emerg Med Int. 2022 Sep 14;2022:2482728. doi: 10.1155/2022/2482728. eCollection 2022.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic disease with numerous and interacting influencing factors, and current inadequate patient perceptions and behaviors in access to care contribute to the difficulties in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of osteoarthritis.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influencing factors of osteoarthritis (OA) in a southern Chinese population and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of OA.
A 1 : 2 matched case-control study was used to select 160 patients with OA from three hospitals in southern China as a case group. Three hundred and twenty cases of the same sex and similar age (within ± 2 years) were selected as the control group, and relevant data were collected for univariate and multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis.
There were no significant differences between the two groups of participants in terms of age, sex, and education ( > 0.05). Logistic regression statistical analysis showed that genetic factors (OR = 4.52, 95% CI = 1.56-7.83), body mass index (OR = 2.57, 95% CI = 1.16-5.84), alcohol consumption (OR = 3.81, 95% CI = 1.53-5.87), and a history of external joint limb injury (OR = 3.37, 95% CI = 1.67-5.24) would increase the risk of OA. In contrast, eating more fresh vegetables (OR = 0.08, 95% CI = 0.03-0.31), more fresh fruits (OR = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.12-0.96), more soy products (OR = 0.11, 95% CI = 0.04-0.45), and exposure to sunlight (OR = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.14-0.71) would reduce the OA risk of OA.
Obesity, alcohol consumption, and a history of joint trauma all increase the risk of OA in a southern Chinese population, whereas a diet rich in fresh vegetables, fresh fruit, soy products, and sun exposure would reduce the risk of OA. In the future, we should focus on improving patients' awareness of medical care and developing their self-management skills, improving GPs' treatment skills, improving negative attitudes of both doctors and patients, and promoting positive patient care.
骨关节炎（OA）是一种常见的慢性疾病，有众多相互作用的影响因素，目前患者在就医方面认知不足和行为不当导致骨关节炎的诊断、治疗及管理存在困难。
本研究旨在调查中国南方人群中骨关节炎（OA）的影响因素，为OA的防治提供科学依据。
采用1∶2匹配的病例对照研究，从中国南方3家医院选取160例OA患者作为病例组。选取320例性别相同、年龄相近（±2岁）的患者作为对照组，收集相关数据进行单因素和多因素条件Logistic回归分析。
两组参与者在年龄、性别和教育程度方面无显著差异（P>0.05）。Logistic回归统计分析显示，遗传因素（OR=4.52，95%CI=1.56-7.83）、体重指数（OR=2.57，95%CI=1.16-5.84）、饮酒（OR=3.81，95%CI=1.53-5.87）和关节外肢体损伤史（OR=3.37，95%CI=1.67-5.24）会增加OA风险。相反，多吃新鲜蔬菜（OR=0.08，95%CI=0.03-0.31）、多吃新鲜水果（OR=0.34，95%CI=0.12-0.96）、多吃豆制品（OR=0.11，95%CI=0.04-0.45）和晒太阳（OR=0.31，95%CI=0.14-0.71）会降低OA风险。
肥胖、饮酒和关节创伤史均增加中国南方人群患OA的风险，而富含新鲜蔬菜、新鲜水果、豆制品的饮食及晒太阳会降低OA风险。未来，应着重提高患者的医疗保健意识，培养其自我管理技能，提高全科医生的治疗技能，改善医患双方的消极态度，促进积极的患者护理。
