APC Microbiome Ireland.
School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2022 Nov 1;38(6):549-554. doi: 10.1097/MOG.0000000000000885. Epub 2022 Sep 9.
Recent years have seen great strides made in the field of viral metagenomics. Many studies have reported alterations in the virome in different disease states. The vast majority of the human intestinal virome consists of bacteriophages, viruses that infect bacteria. The dynamic relationship between gut bacterial populations and bacteriophages is influenced by environmental factors that also impact host health and disease. In this review, we focus on studies highlighting the dynamics of the gut virome and fluctuations associated with disease states.
Novel correlations have been identified between the human gut virome and diseases such as obesity, necrotizing enterocolitis and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Further associations between the virome and cognition, diet and geography highlight the complexity of factors that can influence the dynamic relationship between gut bacteria, bacteriophages and health.
Here, we highlight some novel associations between the virome and health that will be the foundation for future studies in this field. The future development of microbiome-based interventions, identification of biomarkers, and novel therapeutics will require a thorough understanding of the gut virome and its dynamics.
近年来，病毒宏基因组学领域取得了重大进展。许多研究报告了不同疾病状态下病毒组的改变。人类肠道病毒组的绝大多数由噬菌体组成，即感染细菌的病毒。肠道细菌群和噬菌体之间的动态关系受到同样影响宿主健康和疾病的环境因素的影响。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注强调肠道病毒组动态变化及其与疾病状态相关波动的研究。
已经确定了人类肠道病毒组与肥胖、坏死性小肠结肠炎和严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 感染等疾病之间的新关联。病毒组与认知、饮食和地理位置之间的进一步关联突出了影响肠道细菌、噬菌体和健康之间动态关系的因素的复杂性。
在这里，我们强调了病毒组与健康之间的一些新关联，这些关联将成为该领域未来研究的基础。基于微生物组的干预措施、生物标志物的识别和新疗法的未来发展需要对肠道病毒组及其动态有深入的了解。
