Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Privatpraxis Prof Jonas und Dr Panda-Jonas, Heidelberg, Germany.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2022 Sep 1;63(10):18. doi: 10.1167/iovs.63.10.18.
To examine the elongation of the retina and ciliary body in relation to myopic axial elongation.
Using light microscopy, we histomorphometrically measured in enucleated human globes the length of the retina from the ora serrata to the optic disc borders. The total retinal length was the mean of the retinal length measurements obtained on both sides of the optic disc. We additionally determined the length of the ciliary body between the ora serrata and the scleral spur.
The study included 174 eyes (mean age, 61.7 ± 14.8 years; range, 24-89 years) with a mean sagittal eye diameter of 25.9 ± 3.2 mm (range, 21.0-37.0 mm). Retinal length (beta, 0.81; nonstandardized regression coefficient B, 0.73; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.65-0.81; P < 0.001) and ciliary body length elongated (beta, 0.49; nonstandardized regression coefficient B, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.12-0.20; P < 0.001) with a longer sagittal eye diameter. Retinal length and ciliary body length were associated with each other (beta, 0.34; nonstandardized regression coefficient B, 0.12; 95% CI, 0.07-0.17).
The retina elongates by 0.73 mm (95% CI, 0.65-0.81) and the ciliary body by 0.16 mm (95% CI, 0.12-0.20) for each millimeter of axial elongation. With the inner limiting membrane and retinal nerve fibers forming the only structures connecting the deeper retinal layers with the optic disc, retinal elongation may be associated with a stretching of the retinal nerve fibers, potentially leading to optic nerve damage in highly myopic eyes, and with an increased strain within the inner limiting membrane, potentially leading to an intraretinal elevation at the posterior pole with the sequel of a myopic maculoschisis.
研究与近视轴性伸长相关的视网膜和睫状体的伸长。
使用光学显微镜，我们对经眼球摘除的人类眼球进行组织形态计量学测量，从锯齿缘到视盘边界测量视网膜的长度。总视网膜长度是通过视盘两侧视网膜长度测量值的平均值。我们还确定了锯齿缘和巩膜突之间睫状体的长度。
这项研究包括 174 只眼睛（平均年龄 61.7±14.8 岁；范围 24-89 岁），平均眼轴长 25.9±3.2mm（范围 21.0-37.0mm）。视网膜长度（β=0.81；未标准化回归系数 B=0.73；95%置信区间（CI）：0.65-0.81；P<0.001）和睫状体长度延长（β=0.49；未标准化回归系数 B=0.16；95%CI：0.12-0.20；P<0.001）与较长的眼轴长相关。视网膜长度和睫状体长度相互关联（β=0.34；未标准化回归系数 B=0.12；95%CI：0.07-0.17）。
每毫米轴向伸长，视网膜伸长 0.73mm（95%CI：0.65-0.81），睫状体伸长 0.16mm（95%CI：0.12-0.20）。由于内界膜和视网膜神经纤维是连接深层视网膜与视盘的唯一结构，因此视网膜的伸长可能与视网膜神经纤维的拉伸有关，这可能导致高度近视眼中视神经的损伤，并导致内界膜内的应变增加，这可能导致后极部视网膜内隆起，进而导致近视性黄斑劈裂。
