Department of Orthopedics, Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
Mol Neurobiol. 2022 Dec;59(12):7323-7336. doi: 10.1007/s12035-022-03044-6. Epub 2022 Sep 29.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease that contributes to 60-70% of dementia in elderly people and is currently incurable. Current treatments only relieve the symptoms of AD and slow its progression. Achieving effective neural regeneration to ameliorate cognitive impairment is a major challenge in the treatment of AD. For the first time, we alleviated symptoms of AD in APPswe/PS1dE9 mice (hereafter referred to as AD mice) by transplantation of olfactory mucosa mesenchymal stem cells (OM-MSCs). Our study demonstrated that OM-MSC transplantation promotes amyloid-β (Aβ) clearance, downregulates the inflammatory response, and increases the M2/M1 ratio; OM-MSCs promote the conversion of BV2 (microglia) from M1 to M2 and also Aβ clearance in SH-SY5Y (AD cell model). OM-MSC-transplanted AD mice show improved cognitive learning and locomotive behavior. Our study suggests that OM-MSC transplantation could alleviate the symptoms of AD and promote Aβ clearance through immunomodulation, thus demonstrating the great potential and social value of OM-MSC treatment for AD patients.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种常见的神经退行性疾病，占老年人痴呆症的 60-70%，目前无法治愈。目前的治疗方法只能缓解 AD 的症状并减缓其进展。实现有效的神经再生以改善认知障碍是 AD 治疗的主要挑战。我们首次通过嗅黏膜间充质干细胞（OM-MSCs）移植缓解了 APPswe/PS1dE9 小鼠（以下简称 AD 小鼠）的 AD 症状。我们的研究表明，OM-MSC 移植可促进淀粉样蛋白-β（Aβ）清除，下调炎症反应，增加 M2/M1 比值；OM-MSCs 促进 BV2（小胶质细胞）从 M1 向 M2 的转化以及 SH-SY5Y（AD 细胞模型）中的 Aβ清除。接受 OM-MSC 移植的 AD 小鼠表现出认知学习和运动行为的改善。我们的研究表明，OM-MSC 移植可通过免疫调节缓解 AD 症状并促进 Aβ 清除，从而证明 OM-MSC 治疗 AD 患者具有巨大的潜力和社会价值。
