Agran P F, Dunkle D E, Winn D G
Am J Dis Child. 1987 Sep;141(9):959-64. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1987.04460090036020.
This study was designed to evaluate the effects of a child passenger safety law on pediatric motor vehicle trauma, as seen from the perspective of a hospital emergency room setting. The data were obtained from an ongoing monitoring system consisting of nine hospital emergency rooms in Orange County, California, and the county coroner's office. All children under the age of 15 years evaluated in the monitored emergency rooms after involvement in a motor vehicle crash were included. The years 1981 and 1982 constituted the prelaw period; 1983 and 1984, the postlaw period. Those children 4 years of age or older, namely, those who were not covered by the child safety law, were the control population. The major findings for children less than 4 years of age were that (1) restraint use increased from 26% in the prelaw period to 50% in the postlaw period; (2) a significant decrease in the number of injured was documented; (3) head injuries decreased by 17%; and (4) hospital emergency room utilization did not decrease.
本研究旨在从医院急诊室的角度评估儿童乘客安全法对儿童机动车创伤的影响。数据来自一个正在进行的监测系统，该系统由加利福尼亚州奥兰治县的九个医院急诊室和该县验尸官办公室组成。所有15岁以下儿童在机动车碰撞事故后在受监测的急诊室接受评估均被纳入。1981年和1982年为法律实施前阶段；1983年和1984年为法律实施后阶段。4岁及以上儿童，即未受儿童安全法覆盖的儿童，为对照人群。4岁以下儿童的主要研究结果如下：（1）约束装置的使用从法律实施前阶段的26%增加到法律实施后阶段的50%；（2）记录在案的受伤人数显著减少；（3）头部受伤减少了17%；（4）医院急诊室的利用率没有下降。
