Mink I T, Nihira K
Am J Ment Defic. 1987 Jul;92(1):57-64.
The direction of effects were examined between TMR children and their families in three previously determined family types: cohesive, harmonious; control oriented, somewhat unharmonious; and child-oriented, expressive. Child variables studied were measures of adaptive behavior, psychosocial adjustment, and self-esteem. Family variables included measures of cohesion and conflict, provision of cognitive stimulation, parental warmth and affection, quality of the residential environment, and openness with the interviewer. Cross-lagged panel analysis revealed different directions of effect in the three family types. In cohesive families the family tended to influence the child, whereas in control-oriented and child-oriented families, the child tended to influence the family. Possible reasons for these findings and implications for further research were discussed.
研究了三种先前确定的家庭类型（即紧密和谐型、控制导向型且不太和谐型、儿童导向型且情感丰富型）中接受治疗性音乐回应（TMR）的儿童与其家庭之间的影响方向。所研究的儿童变量包括适应性行为、心理社会调适和自尊的测量指标。家庭变量包括凝聚力和冲突的测量指标、认知刺激的提供、父母的温暖与关爱、居住环境质量以及与访谈者的开放程度。交叉滞后组分析揭示了这三种家庭类型中不同的影响方向。在紧密型家庭中，家庭倾向于影响孩子，而在控制导向型和儿童导向型家庭中，孩子倾向于影响家庭。讨论了这些研究结果的可能原因以及对进一步研究的启示。
