Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Centre for Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark.
PLoS One. 2022 Oct 5;17(10):e0274877. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274877. eCollection 2022.
The pork tapeworm Taenia solium is a zoonotic food-borne parasite endemic in many developing countries causing human cysticercosis and taeniosis as well as porcine cysticercosis. It mainly affects the health of rural smallholder pig farmers and their communities, resulting in lower health status, reduced pork quality, and economic loss due to condemnation of pigs or low pricing of pork. This qualitative study aimed to identify key food related practices linked to consumption of pork at village level, of importance for transmission of taeniosis. We used an interpretivist-constructivist paradigm in a multiple case study of exploratory qualitative research design. Data was acquired through guided and probing interviews with 64 pork cooks, and 14 direct observations in four villages in a T. solium endemic area of Mbeya Region in the Southern Highlands of Tanzania. The study showed that the informants were members of communities of practice through their pork cooking practices, one community of practice for the restaurant cooks and one for the home cooks, learning, sharing, and distributing their cooking skills. Furthermore, the analysis showed that the pork cooks generally had some awareness of there being something undesirable in raw pork, but they had very diverse understandings of what it was, or of its potential harm. Major potential transmission points were identified in restaurants and in home kitchens. It appears that the pork cooks act according to socio-cultural and economic factors guiding them in their actions, including pressure from customers in restaurants, the family values of tradition in the home kitchens, and the culturally guided risk perception and appraisal. These practices might generate potential transmission points. Future research on interventions aimed at preventing the spread of T. solium taeniosis should recognise the importance of tradition and culture in risky food practices.
猪肉绦虫 Taenia solium 是一种动物源性食源性寄生虫，在许多发展中国家流行，可导致人体囊尾蚴病和带绦虫病以及猪囊尾蚴病。它主要影响农村小农户养猪者及其社区的健康，导致健康状况下降、猪肉质量下降以及由于猪被扑杀或猪肉价格低廉而造成经济损失。本定性研究旨在确定与村庄一级食用猪肉相关的关键食品相关做法，这些做法对带绦虫病的传播很重要。我们在坦桑尼亚南部高地姆贝亚地区的一个猪肉绦虫流行地区的四个村庄中，采用解释主义-建构主义范式进行了多项案例研究的探索性定性研究设计。通过对 64 名猪肉厨师进行引导式和探究式访谈，并进行了 14 次直接观察，获取了数据。研究表明，这些知情人通过他们的猪肉烹饪实践，是实践社区的成员，一个是餐厅厨师的实践社区，另一个是家庭厨师的实践社区，学习、分享和传播他们的烹饪技能。此外，分析表明，猪肉厨师通常对生猪肉中存在不良物质有一定的认识，但他们对不良物质是什么或其潜在危害有非常不同的理解。在餐馆和家庭厨房中发现了主要的潜在传播点。似乎猪肉厨师根据指导他们行动的社会文化和经济因素行事，包括餐馆顾客的压力、家庭厨房中传统的家庭价值观以及文化引导的风险感知和评估。这些做法可能会产生潜在的传播点。未来旨在预防猪肉绦虫带绦虫病传播的干预措施研究应认识到传统和文化在危险食品做法中的重要性。
