Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA.
Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
J Sleep Res. 2022 Apr;31(2):e13495. doi: 10.1111/jsr.13495. Epub 2021 Oct 4.
Social restrictions necessary to reduce the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) profoundly changed how we socialised, worked and, for students, attended classes. Interestingly, significant sleep pattern shifts occurred in the context of pandemic-related social restrictions. Whether age and chronotype influenced these sleep pattern changes remains poorly understood. In this pre-registered (https://osf.io/4a3fx), web-based study, United States residents reported, in one-time assessments, demographic information, self-reported chronotype using the reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, and pre-pandemic and pandemic first wave sleep timing using the Ultrashort Munich Chronotype Questionnaire. Participants reported sleep phase delays, reduced social jetlag (SJL) and reduced social sleep restriction (SSR) during the first wave of the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic. Pandemic-related changes in SJL and SSR varied with participants' age and self-reported chronotype. Young adults reported the greatest reductions in SJL and young adults and individuals with evening chronotypes reported the greatest reductions in SSR. We conclude that these groups may have been the most vulnerable to social-biological sleep timing desynchrony under pre-pandemic social, occupational, and educational schedules.
为了减少 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的传播，社会限制措施深刻地改变了我们的社交、工作方式，对于学生来说，也改变了上课方式。有趣的是，在与大流行相关的社会限制背景下，人们的睡眠模式发生了显著变化。年龄和昼夜类型是否影响这些睡眠模式的变化，目前还知之甚少。在这项预先注册的（https://osf.io/4a3fx）基于网络的研究中，美国居民一次性报告了人口统计学信息、使用简化的 Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire 自我报告的昼夜类型，以及使用 Ultrashort Munich Chronotype Questionnaire 报告的大流行前和大流行第一波的睡眠时间。与大流行前相比，参与者在大流行第一波期间报告了睡眠相位延迟、社交时差减少和社交睡眠限制减少。与参与者的年龄和自我报告的昼夜类型有关，大流行相关的 SJL 和 SSR 变化。年轻人报告的 SJL 减少最多，年轻人和夜间型个体报告的 SSR 减少最多。我们得出结论，在大流行前的社会、职业和教育时间表下，这些群体可能最容易受到社会生物学睡眠时间失同步的影响。
