Menezes Antonio S, Botelho Silvia M, Santos Luciana R, Rezende Aline L
Cardiology, Pontifical Catholic University of Goiás, Goiânia, BRA.
Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, BRA.
Cureus. 2022 Oct 2;14(10):e29826. doi: 10.7759/cureus.29826. eCollection 2022 Oct.
Introduction Tissue damage, chronic dysfunction, and symptoms that last more than 12 weeks are hallmarks of long-term chronic opportunistic viral infection (COVID-19), and the disease may have a permanent, relapsing/remitting, or gradually improving course. This study aimed to determine the risk factors of severe long COVID-19. Methods In October 2021, primary care clinics enrolled consenting 18- to 89-year-olds to complete an online questionnaire on self-diagnosis, clinician diagnosis, testing, symptom presence, and duration of COVID-19. Long COVID-19 was identified if symptoms were beyond 12 weeks. Patients with long-lasting COVID-19 symptoms were assessed using multivariable regression to identify potential predictors of severe long COVID-19. Results Of the 220 respondents, 108 (49%) patients were self- or clinician-diagnosed with COVID-19 or had a confirmed positive laboratory test result. Patients aged >45 years and with at least 15 COVID-19 symptoms were 5.55 and 6.02 times, respectively, more likely to acquire severe long COVID-19. Most patients with severe and moderate post-acute COVID-19 syndrome had no relevant comorbidities (p=0.0402; odds ratio [OR]=0.4; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.18-0.98). Obesity was a significant predictor (p=0.0307; OR=6.2; 95% CI=1.1-33.2). Conclusion The simultaneous presence of 15 or more COVID-19 symptoms, age >45 years, and obesity were related to a higher probability of severe long COVID-19.
引言 组织损伤、慢性功能障碍以及持续超过12周的症状是长期慢性机会性病毒感染（新冠病毒病）的特征，该疾病可能呈持续、复发/缓解或逐渐改善的病程。本研究旨在确定重症长期新冠病毒病的危险因素。方法 2021年10月，基层医疗诊所招募了年龄在18至89岁且同意参与的人群，以完成一份关于自我诊断、临床医生诊断、检测、症状出现情况以及新冠病毒病病程的在线问卷。如果症状持续超过12周，则认定为长期新冠病毒病。对患有长期新冠病毒病症状的患者进行多变量回归分析，以确定重症长期新冠病毒病的潜在预测因素。结果 在220名受访者中，108名（49%）患者被自我诊断或临床医生诊断为新冠病毒病，或实验室检测结果呈确诊阳性。年龄大于45岁且出现至少15种新冠病毒病症状的患者发生重症长期新冠病毒病的可能性分别高出5.55倍和6.02倍。大多数重症和中度急性新冠病毒病后综合征患者无相关合并症（p=0.0402；比值比[OR]=0.4；95%置信区间[CI]=0.18-0.98）。肥胖是一个显著的预测因素（p=0.0307；OR=6.2；95%CI=1.1-33.2）。结论 同时出现15种或更多新冠病毒病症状、年龄大于45岁以及肥胖与重症长期新冠病毒病的较高概率相关。
