Musen M A, Rohn J A, Fagan L M, Shortliffe E H
Bull Cancer. 1987;74(3):291-6.
ONCOCIN is an expert system that provides advice to physicians who are treating cancer patients enrolled in clinical trials. The process of encoding oncology protocol knowledge for the system has revealed serious omissions and unintentional ambiguities in the protocol documents. We have also discovered that many protocols allow for significant latitude in treating patients and that even when protocol guidelines are explicit, physicians often choose to apply their own judgment on the assumption that the specifications are incomplete. Computer-based tools offer the possibility of insuring completeness and reproducibility in the definition of new protocols. One goal of our automated protocol authoring environment, called OPAL, is to help physicians develop protocols that are free of ambiguity and thus to assure better compliance and standardization of care.
ONCOCIN是一个专家系统，它为治疗参加临床试验的癌症患者的医生提供建议。为该系统编码肿瘤学方案知识的过程揭示了方案文件中存在的严重遗漏和无意的歧义。我们还发现，许多方案在治疗患者方面有很大的灵活性，而且即使方案指南很明确，医生也常常基于规范不完整的假设而选择运用自己的判断。基于计算机的工具为确保新方案定义的完整性和可重复性提供了可能性。我们名为OPAL的自动化方案编写环境的一个目标是帮助医生制定没有歧义的方案，从而确保更好的依从性和护理标准化。
