Zhang Yun, Ning Haonan, Zheng Wenyu, Liu Jing, Li Fuhai, Chen Junfei
Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Front Oncol. 2022 Sep 21;12:932709. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.932709. eCollection 2022.
Respiratory infectious complications remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children with hematological malignancies. Knowledge regarding the lung microbiome in aforementioned children is limited.
A prospective cohort was conducted, enrolling 16 children with hematological malignancies complicated with moderate-to-severe lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) versus 21 LRTI children with age, gender, weight, and infection severity matched, with no underlying malignancies, to evaluate the lung microbiome from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples in different groups.
The lung microbiome from children with hematological malignancies and LRTIs showed obviously decreased α and β diversity; increased microbial function in infectious disease:bacteria/parasite; drug resistance:antimicrobial and human pathogenesis than the control group; a significantly reduced proportion of , , ; increased at the phylum level; and distinctly elevated , , , , at the genus level than the control group. Furthermore, it was revealed that α diversity (Shannon), β diversity (Bray-Curtis dissimilarity), at the phylum level, and and at the genus level were significantly negatively associated with hospitalization course whereas at the phylum level was established positively correlated with the hospitalization course.
Children with hematological malignancies and LRTIs showed obviously decreased α and β diversity, significantly increased function in infectious disease pathogenesis, antimicrobial drug resistance, and unfavorable environment tolerance. Moreover, α diversity (Shannon), β diversity (Bray-Curtis dissimilarity), and may be used as negative correlated predictors for hospitalization course in these children whereas may be utilized as a positive correlated predictor.
呼吸道感染并发症仍然是血液系统恶性肿瘤患儿发病和死亡的主要原因。关于上述患儿肺部微生物群的知识有限。
进行了一项前瞻性队列研究，招募了16名患有血液系统恶性肿瘤并伴有中重度下呼吸道感染（LRTIs）的儿童，与21名年龄、性别、体重和感染严重程度相匹配且无潜在恶性肿瘤的LRTIs儿童进行对比，以评估不同组支气管肺泡灌洗 fluid 样本中的肺部微生物群。
患有血液系统恶性肿瘤和LRTIs的儿童的肺部微生物群显示出α和β多样性明显降低；与对照组相比，传染病：细菌/寄生虫、耐药性：抗菌和人类发病机制方面的微生物功能增加； 、 、 的比例显著降低；在门水平上 增加；在属水平上 、 、 、 明显高于对照组。此外，研究发现α多样性（香农指数）、β多样性（布雷-柯蒂斯差异度）、门水平上的 以及属水平上的 和 与住院病程显著负相关，而门水平上的 与住院病程呈正相关。
患有血液系统恶性肿瘤和LRTIs的儿童显示出α和β多样性明显降低，传染病发病机制、抗菌药物耐药性和不利环境耐受性方面的功能显著增加。此外，α多样性（香农指数）、β多样性（布雷-柯蒂斯差异度）和 可能作为这些儿童住院病程的负相关预测指标，而 可作为正相关预测指标。
