Itoh Nanami, Tsuya Atsushi, Togashi Hitoshi, Kimura Hirohito, Konta Tsuneo, Nemoto Kenji, Yamashita Hidetoshi, Kayama Takamasa
Yamagata University Health Administration Center, 1-4-12 Kojirakawa-machi, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan.
Institute for Promotion of Medical Science Research, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 995-9585, Japan.
J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2022 Sep;71(2):143-150. doi: 10.3164/jcbn.21-153. Epub 2022 May 10.
We investigated the association of salt intake with lifestyle-related diseases and also the association of habitually consumed foods with salt intake. A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from a baseline survey of 2,129 residents of Yonezawa city (980 males and 1,149 females), Yamagata prefecture. The residents were divided into three groups based on their estimated daily salt intake: low, medium, and high. In both genders, the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes increased in the order of high > medium > low salt intake (trend <0.001). Similar trends were observed in the prevalence of hyperlipidemia in females and metabolic syndrome in males. The prevalence of diabetes in the high salt intake group was significantly higher than that in the control group (matched from the low and medium salt intake groups), even when confounding factors were excluded by propensity score matching (<0.01). Network analysis showed that the low salt intake group had a greater tendency to habitually consume various vegetables than the high salt intake group. Our findings reveal that the prevalence of lifestyle-related diseases increased with higher salt intake. We speculate that a dietary shift to multiple vegetable consumption could have salt-lowering effects.
我们调查了盐摄入量与生活方式相关疾病之间的关联，以及习惯性食用的食物与盐摄入量之间的关联。利用来自山形县米泽市2129名居民（980名男性和1149名女性）基线调查的数据进行了一项横断面研究。根据估计的每日盐摄入量，将居民分为三组：低、中、高。在男女两性中，高血压和糖尿病的患病率按照高盐摄入量>中盐摄入量>低盐摄入量的顺序增加（趋势<0.001）。在女性高脂血症患病率和男性代谢综合征患病率方面也观察到类似趋势。即使通过倾向评分匹配排除混杂因素，高盐摄入量组的糖尿病患病率仍显著高于对照组（从低盐和中盐摄入量组匹配）（<0.01）。网络分析表明，低盐摄入量组比高盐摄入量组更倾向于习惯性地食用各种蔬菜。我们的研究结果表明，生活方式相关疾病的患病率随着盐摄入量的增加而上升。我们推测，转向多种蔬菜消费的饮食转变可能具有降低盐摄入量的作用。
