Discipline of Psychology, School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
Discipline of Psychology, School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States; Division of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2023 Mar;78:101777. doi: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2022.101777. Epub 2022 Sep 9.
Guided and unguided self-help prevention and treatment interventions for eating disorders delivered via traditional book format or internet delivery have been widely researched, but no reviews have focused specifically on young people. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the efficacy of randomised controlled trials of self-help interventions for eating disorders in young people with a mean age between 13 and 24 years.
A total of 8 intervention groups across 7 publications of self-help interventions which were prevention and treatment trials for eating disorders, were identified (N = 985 participants; mean pooled age = ∼19 years).
There was a significant very small effect (pooled g = -0.17) of self-help interventions at post-treatment which was non-significant at follow-up (pooled g = -0.14). No evidence of publication bias was found.
There were limitations of the review, including a lack of active treatment comparisons, a small number of trials included, and few studies included an age range.
Results from this preliminary meta-analysis suggest very small but significant effects, however further studies are required to determine whether self-help approaches are effective for prevention and treatment of eating disorder symptoms in young people. Future meta-analyses should include a larger number of trials, and younger age range of children to examine the efficacy of self-help interventions for eating disorders in young people.
以传统书籍形式或互联网形式提供的针对饮食障碍的有指导和无指导自助预防和治疗干预措施已经得到了广泛研究，但尚无评论专门针对年轻人。本系统评价和荟萃分析的目的是评估 13 至 24 岁年轻人饮食障碍自助干预措施的随机对照试验的疗效。
共确定了 7 篇出版物中 8 个自助干预组（共 985 名参与者；平均 pooled 年龄约为 19 岁），这些出版物涉及饮食障碍的预防和治疗试验。
自助干预措施在治疗后有显著的非常小的效果（pooled g=-0.17），但在随访时不显著（pooled g=-0.14）。未发现发表偏倚的证据。
本综述存在一些局限性，包括缺乏主动治疗比较、试验数量较少以及很少有研究包含年龄范围。
本次初步荟萃分析的结果表明，效果非常小但显著，然而，需要进一步的研究来确定自助方法是否对年轻人的饮食障碍症状的预防和治疗有效。未来的荟萃分析应包括更多的试验和更年轻的年龄范围，以检验自助干预措施对年轻人饮食障碍的疗效。
