College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
J Control Release. 2022 Nov;351:907-922. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.10.008. Epub 2022 Oct 11.
As microneedle-based vaccines possess advantages of high compliance, moderate invasiveness and convenience that are highly relevant to their unique design, they are becoming an indispensable piece of the puzzle in the field of medical applications. By selecting appropriate materials and methods convenient for precise control over the structure and morphology, MN-based vaccines with strong mechanical properties and variable forms can be fabricated, and specific biomolecules can be used for monitoring or augmenting human immunity. The structural design strategies of MN-based vaccines are highlighted in this review, following a brief discussion of the mechanism of skin immunity and the classification and fabrication approaches of MNs. The biomedical applications of MN-based vaccines, including sampling from interstitial fluid and therapy in infectious diseases and cancers, have also been demonstrated. Finally, the central challenges in this field and opportunities for future developments are also deliberated.
基于微针的疫苗具有高顺应性、适度侵入性和便利性的优势，这与其独特的设计密切相关，因此它们正在成为医学应用领域不可或缺的一部分。通过选择合适的材料和方法，方便对结构和形态进行精确控制，可以制造出具有较强机械性能和可变形式的基于微针的疫苗，并可以使用特定的生物分子来监测或增强人体免疫力。本文简要讨论了皮肤免疫的机制以及微针的分类和制造方法，重点介绍了基于微针的疫苗的结构设计策略。此外，还展示了基于微针的疫苗的生物医学应用，包括从细胞间隙液中采样以及治疗传染病和癌症。最后，还讨论了该领域的核心挑战和未来发展的机遇。
