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采用多功能材料和装置的微针实现多功能范围内的灵活监测、诊断和治疗。

Flexible Monitoring, Diagnosis, and Therapy by Microneedles with Versatile Materials and Devices toward Multifunction Scope.

作者信息

Wang Shuo, Zhao Mengmeng, Yan Yibo, Li Peng, Huang Wei

机构信息

Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.

出版信息

Research (Wash D C). 2023 Apr 28;6:0128. doi: 10.34133/research.0128. eCollection 2023.

DOI:10.34133/research.0128
PMID:37223469
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10202386/
Abstract

Microneedles (MNs) have drawn rising attention owing to their merits of convenience, noninvasiveness, flexible applicability, painless microchannels with boosted metabolism, and precisely tailored multifunction control. MNs can be modified to serve as novel transdermal drug delivery, which conventionally confront with the penetration barrier caused by skin stratum corneum. The micrometer-sized needles create channels through stratum corneum, enabling efficient drug delivery to the dermis for gratifying efficacy. Then, incorporating photosensitizer or photothermal agents into MNs can conduct photodynamic or photothermal therapy, respectively. Besides, health monitoring and medical detection by MN sensors can extract information from skin interstitial fluid and other biochemical/electronic signals. Here, this review discloses a novel monitoring, diagnostic, and therapeutic pattern by MNs, with elaborate discussion about the classified formation of MNs together with various applications and inherent mechanism. Hereby, multifunction development and outlook from biomedical/nanotechnology/photoelectric/devices/informatics to multidisciplinary applications are provided. Programmable intelligent MNs enable logic encoding of diverse monitoring and treatment pathways to extract signals, optimize the therapy efficacy, real-time monitoring, remote control, and drug screening, and take instant treatment.

摘要

微针（MNs）因其具有方便、无创、适用灵活、具有促进新陈代谢的无痛微通道以及精确定制的多功能控制等优点而受到越来越多的关注。微针可以被修饰以用作新型经皮给药方式，传统的经皮给药通常面临由皮肤角质层造成的渗透屏障。微米级的针能够穿过角质层形成通道，从而实现药物向真皮层的高效递送，以达到令人满意的疗效。此外，将光敏剂或光热剂掺入微针中可分别进行光动力或光热治疗。此外，微针传感器进行的健康监测和医学检测能够从皮肤间质液以及其他生化/电子信号中提取信息。在此，本综述揭示了一种由微针实现的新型监测、诊断和治疗模式，并详细讨论了微针的分类形成以及各种应用和内在机制。据此，提供了从生物医学/纳米技术/光电/器件/信息学到多学科应用的多功能发展及展望。可编程智能微针能够对各种监测和治疗途径进行逻辑编码，以提取信号、优化治疗效果、实时监测、远程控制和药物筛选，并进行即时治疗。

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