Abe Chisato, Imai Tomoko, Sezaki Ayako, Miyamoto Keiko, Kawase Fumiya, Shirai Yoshiro, Sanada Masayo, Inden Ayaka, Kato Takumi, Sugihara Norie, Shimokata Hiroshi
Department of Food and Nutrition, Tsu City College, Mie, Japan.
Institute of Health and Nutrition, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Aichi, Japan.
J Am Nutr Assoc. 2023 Sep-Oct;42(7):660-667. doi: 10.1080/27697061.2022.2130472. Epub 2022 Oct 11.
Studies conducted on Japanese people have suggested that a traditional Japanese diet contributes to good health, longevity, and protection against several non-communicable diseases. However, it is unknown whether traditional Japanese dietary patterns are associated with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, and cancer mortality globally. The purpose of this cross-sectional and longitudinal ecological study is to clarify the global association between the traditional Japanese diet score (TJDS) and all-cause, cardiovascular disease, and total cancer mortality.
Data on food supply and all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease mortality, total cancer mortality, and covariables by country were obtained from a relevant internationally available database. TJDS by country was calculated from eight food groups and the total score ranged from -8 to 8, with higher scores indicating greater adherence to a traditional Japanese diet. We evaluated the cross-sectional and 10-year longitudinal association between TJDS and all-cause, cardiovascular disease, and total cancer mortality using 2009 as the baseline in 142 countries with populations of more than one million. A cross-sectional analysis and a longitudinal analysis were performed using three general linear models or three linear mixed models with different covariables.
In cross-sectional models controlled for fully-adjusted covariables, TJDS was negatively associated with all-cause mortality (β ± standard error; -43.819 ± 11.741, < 0.001), cardiovascular disease mortality (-22.395 ± 4.638, < 0.001), and total cancer mortality (-3.893 ± 1.048, < 0.001). In 10-year longitudinal models controlled for fully-adjusted covariables, TJDS was significantly negatively associated with all-cause mortality (-31.563 ± 7.695, < 0.001), cardiovascular disease mortality (-16.249 ± 4.054, < 0.001), and total cancer mortality (-3.499 ± 0.867, < 0.001).
This cross-sectional and longitudinal ecological study suggests that the traditional Japanese diet is associated with lower all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease mortality, and total cancer mortality, worldwide.
对日本人进行的研究表明，传统日本饮食有助于身体健康、延年益寿，并预防多种非传染性疾病。然而，传统日本饮食模式与全球全因死亡率、心血管疾病和癌症死亡率之间的关系尚不清楚。这项横断面和纵向生态研究的目的是阐明传统日本饮食评分（TJDS）与全因、心血管疾病和总癌症死亡率之间的全球关联。
从一个相关的国际可用数据库中获取各国的食物供应数据以及全因死亡率、心血管疾病死亡率、总癌症死亡率和协变量数据。各国的TJDS由八个食物组计算得出，总分范围为-8至8，分数越高表明对传统日本饮食的依从性越高。我们以2009年为基线，在142个人口超过一百万的国家中评估了TJDS与全因、心血管疾病和总癌症死亡率之间的横断面和10年纵向关联。使用三个一般线性模型或三个带有不同协变量的线性混合模型进行了横断面分析和纵向分析。
在控制了完全调整协变量的横断面模型中，TJDS与全因死亡率呈负相关（β±标准误；-43.819±11.741，<0.001）、心血管疾病死亡率（-22.395±4.638，<0.001）和总癌症死亡率（-3.893±1.048，<0.001）。在控制了完全调整协变量的10年纵向模型中，TJDS与全因死亡率（-31.563±7.695，<0.001）、心血管疾病死亡率（-16.249±4.054，<0.001）和总癌症死亡率（-3.499±0.867，<0.001）显著负相关。
这项横断面和纵向生态研究表明，在全球范围内，传统日本饮食与较低的全因死亡率、心血管疾病死亡率和总癌症死亡率相关。
