Department of Life and Environmental Science, Tsu City College, Tsu, Mie, Japan.
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyoto, Japan.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2021 Jun;75(6):929-936. doi: 10.1038/s41430-020-00847-5. Epub 2021 Jan 29.
The traditional Japanese diet is considered one of the important factors of health and longevity in Japanese people. Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in the world. However, the association between the traditional Japanese diet and breast cancer is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the longitudinal association between the traditional Japanese diet score (TJDS) with the incidence and mortality of breast cancer in an ecological study.
Food supply and breast cancer incidence and mortality by country were obtained from an international database. TJDS by country was calculated from nine food groups and the total score ranged from -9 to 9, with higher scores indicating greater adherence to a traditional Japanese diet. Longitudinal associations of interaction between TJDS and fiscal year on breast cancer incidence and mortality were investigated in 139 countries with populations of 1 million or greater. The longitudinal analysis was evaluated using four linear mixed-effect models with different adjustment covariables.
Many countries with high scores on TJDS had lower distributions of breast cancer incidence and mortality in 1990-2017. Longitudinal analysis using a linear mixed-effect model controlled for socio-economic and lifestyle covariables showed that the interaction between TJDS and fiscal year was significantly associated with incidence of breast cancer (-0.453 ± 0.138, p < 0.01) and mortality of breast cancer (-0.455 ± 0.135, p < 0.001).
This longitudinal analysis suggested that a traditional Japanese diet has been associated with lower breast cancer incidence and mortality worldwide in recent years.
传统的日式饮食被认为是日本人健康长寿的重要因素之一。乳腺癌是全世界女性中最常见的癌症。然而，传统日式饮食与乳腺癌之间的关联尚不清楚。本研究旨在通过生态研究调查传统日式饮食评分（TJDS）与乳腺癌发病率和死亡率之间的纵向关联。
从国际数据库中获取了各国的食物供应以及乳腺癌发病率和死亡率数据。根据九个食物组计算了各国的 TJDS，总分为-9 至 9，得分越高表示对传统日式饮食的依从性越高。在人口超过 100 万的 139 个国家中，通过四个具有不同调整协变量的线性混合效应模型，研究了 TJDS 与财政年度之间的交互作用与乳腺癌发病率和死亡率之间的纵向关联。
在 1990-2017 年期间，TJDS 得分较高的许多国家乳腺癌发病率和死亡率分布较低。使用线性混合效应模型进行的纵向分析，控制了社会经济和生活方式协变量，结果表明 TJDS 与财政年度之间的相互作用与乳腺癌的发病率（-0.453±0.138，p<0.01）和乳腺癌的死亡率（-0.455±0.135，p<0.001）显著相关。
本纵向分析表明，近年来，传统日式饮食与全球范围内较低的乳腺癌发病率和死亡率有关。
