Wang Shuncong, Feng Yuanbo, Chen Lei, Yu Jie, Van Ongeval Chantal, Bormans Guy, Li Yue, Ni Yicheng
KU Leuven, Biomedical Group, Campus Gasthuisberg Leuven 3000, Belgium.
Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium.
Am J Cancer Res. 2022 Sep 15;12(9):4290-4311. eCollection 2022.
Brain metastasis (BM) is a common complication in cancer patients with advanced disease and attributes to treatment failure and final mortality. Currently there are several therapeutic options available; however these are only suitable for limited subpopulation: surgical resection or radiosurgery for cases with a limited number of lesions, targeted therapies for approximately 18% of patients, and immune checkpoint inhibitors with a response rate of 20-30%. Thus, there is a pressing need for development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic options. This overview article aims to provide research advances in disease model, targeted therapy, blood brain barrier (BBB) opening strategies, imaging and its incorporation with artificial intelligence, external radiotherapy, and internal targeted radionuclide theragnostics. Finally, a distinct type of BM, leptomeningeal metastasis is also covered.
脑转移（BM）是晚期癌症患者常见的并发症，也是治疗失败和最终死亡的原因。目前有几种治疗选择；然而，这些仅适用于有限的亚群：对于病灶数量有限的病例进行手术切除或放射外科治疗，约18%的患者采用靶向治疗，免疫检查点抑制剂的缓解率为20%-30%。因此，迫切需要开发新的诊断和治疗方法。这篇综述文章旨在介绍疾病模型、靶向治疗、血脑屏障（BBB）开放策略、成像及其与人工智能的结合、外照射放疗和内照射靶向放射性核素治疗诊断学方面的研究进展。最后，还涵盖了一种特殊类型的脑转移，即软脑膜转移。
