School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
PLoS One. 2022 Oct 13;17(10):e0275990. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275990. eCollection 2022.
The present research was designed to test predictions derived from the action-based model of cognitive dissonance theory. These predictions were that dissonance arousal would be negatively related to effective behavior, and that dissonance reduction would be positively related to effective behavior.
Dissonance arousal and reduction were measured using an individual differences questionnaire. Effective behavior was measured as amount of physical exercise obtained from an exercise app that measures exercise using GPS (cycling kilometers over one year; Study 1) and from self-reports (number of days during the previous week; Study 2-3).
Results suggested that individual differences in dissonance arousal relate to less exercise and that individual differences in dissonance reduction relate to more exercise. Statistically controlling for trait approach and avoidance motivation as well as satisfaction with life revealed that dissonance processes predicted exercise behavior over these traits. This pattern of results was generally consistent across the three studies. Moreover, results from Studies 2-3 suggested possible statistical mediators from the exercise commitment literature of the relationship between trait dissonance arousal/reduction and exercise behavior.
These results highlight the importance of considering dissonance processes as adaptive ones, and they suggest possible ways of increasing exercise behavior.
本研究旨在检验认知失调理论的基于行动模型所推导出的预测。这些预测是，失调唤醒与有效行为呈负相关，而失调减少与有效行为呈正相关。
使用个体差异问卷来测量失调唤醒和减少。有效行为通过使用 GPS 测量运动的运动应用程序（一年中的骑行公里数；研究 1）和自我报告（前一周的天数；研究 2-3）来衡量。
结果表明，失调唤醒的个体差异与运动较少有关，而失调减少的个体差异与运动较多有关。在统计上控制特质趋近和回避动机以及生活满意度后，发现失调过程可以预测这些特质之外的运动行为。这一结果模式在三项研究中基本一致。此外，研究 2-3 的结果表明，特质失调唤醒/减少与运动行为之间的关系可能存在来自运动承诺文献的统计中介。
这些结果强调了将失调过程视为适应性过程的重要性，并提出了可能增加运动行为的方法。
