工作-生活干扰与医生开具的病假：一项针对普通劳动人口的前瞻性研究。

Work-life interference and physician-certified sick leave: a prospective study of a general working population.

机构信息

Department of Occupational Health Surveillance (NOA), National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Oslo, Norway.

出版信息

Eur J Public Health. 2023 Feb 3;33(1):69-73. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac149.

DOI:10.1093/eurpub/ckac149

PMID:36228118

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9897984/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Work-life interference has been associated with adverse health outcomes. Here, we quantify the association between work-life interference and subsequent sick leave.

METHODS

Respondents from a randomly drawn cohort of the general working Norwegian population were interviewed in 2009, 2013 and/or 2016. Mixed-effects logistic regression models were used to assess prospective associations of self-reported work-life interference and risk of subsequent physician-certified sick leave of 1-16 days (low-level) and >16 days (high-level) in strata of men and women. To quantify the importance of work-life interference as risk factors for sick leave, we estimated the population attributable risk (PAR).

RESULTS

Both low- and high-level sick leave were most prevalent among women while the prevalence of work-life interference was similar between sexes. Risk of sick leave was higher among women reporting work-life interference sometimes or often in comparison with seldom or never {low- and high-level sick leave odds ratio (OR) = 1.21 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.07-1.37] and 1.30 (95% CI = 1.14-1.49), respectively}. The associations for high-level sick leave progressively increased with the level of work-life interference [highest OR = 1.44 (95% CI = 1.19-1.75)]. In men, there was no consistent higher risk of sick leave according to more frequent work-life interference [low- and high-level sick leave OR = 1.00 (95% CI = 0.87-1.14) and 0.98 (95% CI = 0.84-1.16), respectively], but the risk of high-level sick leave tended to be higher among men reporting work-life interference often (OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 0.98-1.50). Estimating PAR, 6.69% (95% CI = 1.52-11.74) of low-level and 9.94% (95% CI = 4.22-15.45) of high-level sick leave could be attributed to work-life interference among women.

CONCLUSIONS

Self-reported work-life interference was associated with a higher risk of sick leave, with the most consistent results among women.

摘要

背景

工作-生活干扰与不良健康结果有关。在这里，我们定量评估了工作-生活干扰与随后 1-16 天（低水平）和 >16 天（高水平）的医生证明的病假之间的关联。

方法

从挪威普通工作人群中随机抽取的队列中的受访者在 2009 年、2013 年和/或 2016 年接受了采访。使用混合效应逻辑回归模型评估自我报告的工作-生活干扰与随后低水平（1-16 天）和高水平（>16 天）病假之间的前瞻性关联。为了量化工作-生活干扰作为病假风险因素的重要性，我们估计了人群归因风险（PAR）。

结果

低水平和高水平的病假在女性中最为普遍，而工作-生活干扰的患病率在性别之间相似。与很少或从不报告工作-生活干扰的女性相比，报告有时或经常发生工作-生活干扰的女性患病假的风险更高{低水平和高水平病假的比值比（OR）分别为 1.21（95%置信区间（CI）为 1.07-1.37）和 1.30（95% CI 为 1.14-1.49）}。高水平病假的关联随着工作-生活干扰水平的增加而逐渐增加[最高 OR 为 1.44（95% CI 为 1.19-1.75）]。在男性中，根据更频繁的工作-生活干扰，没有更高的病假风险[低水平和高水平病假的 OR 分别为 1.00（95% CI 为 0.87-1.14）和 0.98（95% CI 为 0.84-1.16）]，但报告工作-生活干扰经常的男性患高水平病假的风险似乎更高（OR 为 1.21，95% CI 为 0.98-1.50）。估计 PAR，6.69%（95% CI 为 1.52-11.74）的低水平和 9.94%（95% CI 为 4.22-15.45）的高水平病假可归因于女性的工作-生活干扰。