Thorakkattu Priyamvada, Khanashyam Anandu Chandra, Shah Kartik, Babu Karthik Sajith, Mundanat Anjaly Shanker, Deliephan Aiswariya, Deokar Gitanjali S, Santivarangkna Chalat, Nirmal Nilesh Prakash
Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Food Science Institute, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
Department of Food Science and Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
Foods. 2022 Oct 5;11(19):3094. doi: 10.3390/foods11193094.
Postbiotics are non-viable bacterial products or metabolic byproducts produced by probiotic microorganisms that have biologic activity in the host. Postbiotics are functional bioactive compounds, generated in a matrix during anaerobic fermentation of organic nutrients like prebiotics, for the generation of energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate. The byproducts of this metabolic sequence are called postbiotics, these are low molecular weight soluble compounds either secreted by live microflora or released after microbial cell lysis. A few examples of widely studied postbiotics are short-chain fatty acids, microbial cell fragments, extracellular polysaccharides, cell lysates, teichoic acid, vitamins, etc. Presently, prebiotics and probiotics are the products on the market; however, postbiotics are also gaining a great deal of attention. The numerous health advantages of postbiotic components may soon lead to an increase in consumer demand for postbiotic supplements. The most recent research aspects of postbiotics in the food and pharmaceutical industries are included in this review. The review encompasses a brief introduction, classification, production technologies, characterization, biological activities, and potential applications of postbiotics.
后生元是益生菌微生物产生的无活性细菌产物或代谢副产物，在宿主体内具有生物活性。后生元是功能性生物活性化合物，在有机营养物质（如益生元）的厌氧发酵过程中在基质中产生，用于以三磷酸腺苷的形式产生能量。这个代谢序列的副产物被称为后生元，它们是低分子量的可溶性化合物，要么由活的微生物群落分泌，要么在微生物细胞裂解后释放。一些被广泛研究的后生元例子包括短链脂肪酸、微生物细胞碎片、细胞外多糖、细胞裂解物、磷壁酸、维生素等。目前，益生元和益生菌是市场上的产品；然而，后生元也受到了极大的关注。后生元成分众多的健康益处可能很快会导致消费者对后生元补充剂的需求增加。本综述涵盖了食品和制药行业中后生元的最新研究方面。该综述包括后生元的简要介绍、分类、生产技术、表征、生物活性和潜在应用。
