Department of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiology and Heart and Lung Transplant, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy.
Department of Emergency, Admission and General Pediatrics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Oct 8;19(19):12888. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191912888.
Myxomas are slowly growing benign neoplasms which are rare in children. Up to 80% can be located in the left atrium and generate symptoms such as embolism, cardiac failure, fever and weight loss. Rarely, myxomas can be detected in the right ventricle outflow tract, causing arrhythmias, pulmonary emboli and sudden death. We report the case of a 13-year-old healthy child brought to the Emergency Department (ED) of the Children's Hospital Bambino Gesù, Rome, for recent dyspnea, chest pain on exertion and new onset cardiac murmur. Patient underwent medical examination and echocardiogram with the finding of a rounded and lobulated voluminous mass in the right ventricle outflow tract (RVOT) which caused severe obstruction. The contrast computed tomography (CT) scan confirmed the presence of a heterogeneously enhancing soft-tissue mass occupying the RVOT with no evidence of pulmonary embolization. The mass was surgically excised, and the pathologic examination confirmed our suspicion of myxoma. Our experience suggests that myxoma can have mild clinical symptoms, the presentation may be non-specific, and diagnosis can be a challenge Careful examination and a diagnostic imaging workup, primarily with the transthoracic echocardiogram, are needful to make a rapid differential diagnosis and to better manage surgical treatment and follow-up.
黏液瘤是生长缓慢的良性肿瘤,在儿童中较为罕见。多达 80%的黏液瘤可位于左心房,并产生栓塞、心力衰竭、发热和体重减轻等症状。罕见情况下,黏液瘤可在右心室流出道检出,导致心律失常、肺栓塞和猝死。我们报告了 1 例 13 岁健康儿童的病例,该儿童因近期呼吸困难、活动时胸痛和新发心杂音被带到罗马 Bambino Gesù 儿童医院的急诊科(ED)。患者接受了体格检查和超声心动图检查,发现右心室流出道(RVOT)有一个圆形和分叶状的巨大肿块,导致严重梗阻。对比增强计算机断层扫描(CT)证实存在占据 RVOT 的异质性强化软组织肿块,无肺栓塞证据。肿块被手术切除,病理检查证实了我们对黏液瘤的怀疑。我们的经验表明,黏液瘤可能有轻微的临床症状,表现可能不特异,诊断可能具有挑战性。仔细检查和诊断性影像学检查,主要是经胸超声心动图,对于快速鉴别诊断以及更好地管理手术治疗和随访是必要的。