Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Oct 10;19(19):12933. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191912933.
The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in government restrictions that altered the lifestyle of people worldwide. Studying the impact of these restrictions on exercise behaviors will improve our understanding of the environmental factors that influence individuals' physical activity (PA). We conducted a retrospective analysis using an stringency index of government pandemic policies developed by Oxford University and digitally-logged PA data from more than 7000 runners collected using a wearable exercise-tracking device to compare the relationship between strictness of lockdowns and exercise habits on a global scale. Additionally, the time-of-day of PA globally, and activity-levels of PA in 14 countries, are compared between the pre-pandemic year of 2019 and the first pandemic year of 2020. We found that during the pandemic year there was a major shift in the time-of-day that runners exercised, with significantly more activity counts logged during standard working hours on workdays ( < 0.001) and fewer activities during the same time frame on weekends ( < 0.001). Of the countries examined, Italy and Spain had among the most strict lockdowns and suffered the largest decreases in activity counts, whereas France experienced a minimal decrease in activity counts despite enacting a strict lockdown with certain allowances. This study suggests that there are several factors affecting PA of dedicated runners, including government policy, workplace policy, and cultural norms.
新冠疫情导致各国政府出台限制措施，改变了全球民众的生活方式。研究这些限制措施对运动行为的影响，有助于我们更好地理解影响个人身体活动的环境因素。
我们使用牛津大学制定的政府大流行政策严格程度指数和使用可穿戴运动追踪设备收集的来自 7000 多名跑步者的数字日志化的身体活动数据，进行了回顾性分析，以比较全球范围内封锁措施的严格程度与运动习惯之间的关系。此外，我们还比较了 2019 年大流行前一年和 2020 年大流行第一年全球范围内身体活动的时间分布，以及 14 个国家的身体活动水平。
我们发现，在大流行期间，跑步者的运动时间发生了重大变化，工作日标准工作时间内的活动计数明显增加（<0.001），周末同一时间段的活动减少（<0.001）。在所研究的国家中，意大利和西班牙的封锁措施最为严格，活动计数下降幅度最大，而法国尽管实施了严格的封锁措施并允许某些情况下进行活动，但活动计数的下降幅度最小。
这项研究表明，有几个因素会影响专门跑步者的身体活动，包括政府政策、工作场所政策和文化规范。
