College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Sep 29;23(19):11540. doi: 10.3390/ijms231911540.
Canine parvovirus (CPV-2) is one of the most important pathogens in dogs, and despite the continual development of vaccines against CPV-2, CPV-2 is still circulating in the canine population. The CPV-2a/2b/2c variant has replaced the original CPV-2 virus and seems to exhibit accelerated transmission. Although CPV-2 infection has been frequently reported, no studies have summarized information of CPV-2 variants currently circulating worldwide. To track the evolution of CPV-2, we downloaded and analyzed all VP2 sequences from the NCBI database (from 1978 to 2022). We found that CPV-2c shows a tendency to replace CPV-2a as the new dominant variant in Asia, South America, North America and Africa. Additionally, CPV-2c, which is prevalent in most regions of Asia, carries two special mutations in VP2, A5G and Q370R, and has become a dominant mutation with spillover already occurring. In conclusion, this summary of the types of global epidemic variants provides new insight into the evolution of CPV-2 and raises awareness for blocking the spread of this virus. The spread of Asian-derived CPV-2c urgently needs to be further under surveillance.
犬细小病毒（CPV-2）是犬科动物中最重要的病原体之一，尽管针对 CPV-2 的疫苗不断发展，但 CPV-2 仍在犬群中传播。CPV-2a/2b/2c 变体已经取代了原始的 CPV-2 病毒，并且似乎表现出加速传播的趋势。尽管 CPV-2 感染经常被报道，但目前还没有研究总结了全球流行的 CPV-2 变体的信息。为了追踪 CPV-2 的进化，我们从 NCBI 数据库（1978 年至 2022 年）下载并分析了所有 VP2 序列。我们发现 CPV-2c 显示出取代 CPV-2a 成为亚洲、南美洲、北美洲和非洲新的主要变体的趋势。此外，在亚洲大部分地区流行的 CPV-2c 在 VP2 上携带两个特殊突变 A5G 和 Q370R，并且已经成为一种优势突变，已经发生了溢出。总之，本研究对全球流行变体的类型进行了总结，为 CPV-2 的进化提供了新的见解，并提高了对阻断该病毒传播的认识。亚洲衍生的 CPV-2c 的传播迫切需要进一步监测。
