Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dadasaheb Balpande College of Pharmacy, Nagpur 440037, India.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Oct 2;23(19):11687. doi: 10.3390/ijms231911687.
Brain metastasis is one of the major reasons of death in breast cancer (BC) patients, significantly affecting the quality of life, physical activity, and interdependence on several individuals. There is no clear evidence in scientific literature that depicts an exact mechanism relating to brain metastasis in BC patients. The tendency to develop breast cancer brain metastases (BCBMs) differs by the BC subtype, varying from almost half with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) (HER2 ER PR), one-third with HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive, and around one-tenth with luminal subclass (ER (estrogen positive) or PR (progesterone positive)) breast cancer. This review focuses on the molecular pathways as possible therapeutic targets of BCBMs and their potent drugs under different stages of clinical trial. In view of increased numbers of clinical trials and systemic studies, the scientific community is hopeful of unraveling the underlying mechanisms of BCBMs that will help in designing an effective treatment regimen with multiple molecular targets.
脑转移是乳腺癌（BC）患者死亡的主要原因之一，严重影响生活质量、身体活动能力和对多人的依赖。科学文献中没有明确的证据描述与乳腺癌患者脑转移相关的确切机制。发生乳腺癌脑转移（BCBMs）的倾向因 BC 亚型而异，三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）（HER2 ER PR）患者中约有一半，HER2（人表皮生长因子受体 2 阳性）患者中有三分之一，而 luminal 亚组（ER（雌激素阳性）或 PR（孕激素阳性））乳腺癌患者中约有十分之一。本综述重点介绍了 BCBMs 的分子途径及其在不同临床试验阶段的潜在药物治疗靶点。鉴于临床试验和系统研究数量的增加，科学界有望揭示 BCBMs 的潜在机制，这将有助于设计针对多个分子靶点的有效治疗方案。
