Dachani Sudharshan Reddy, Kaleem Mohammed, Mujtaba Md Ali, Mahajan Nilesh, Ali Sayyed A, Almutairy Ali F, Mahmood Danish, Anwer Md Khalid, Ali Mohammad Daud, Kumar Sanjay
Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Al-Dawadmi Campus, Al-Dawadmi 11961, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Pharmacology, Babasaheb Balpande College of Pharmacy, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur 440037, Maharashtra, India.
ACS Omega. 2024 Feb 22;9(9):10030-10048. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09780. eCollection 2024 Mar 5.
Skin cancer (SC) poses a global threat to the healthcare system and is expected to increase significantly over the next two decades if not diagnosed at an early stage. Early diagnosis is crucial for successful treatment, as the disease becomes more challenging to cure as it progresses. However, identifying new drugs, achieving clinical success, and overcoming drug resistance remain significant challenges. To overcome these obstacles and provide effective treatment, it is crucial to understand the causes of skin cancer, how cells grow and divide, factors that affect cell growth, and how drug resistance occurs. In this review, we have explained various therapeutic approaches for SC treatment via ligands, targeted photosensitizers, natural and synthetic drugs for the treatment of SC, an epigenetic approach for management of melanoma, photodynamic therapy, and targeted therapy for BRAF-mutated melanoma. This article also provides a detailed summary of the various natural drugs that are effective in managing melanoma and reducing the occurrence of skin cancer at early stages and focuses on the current status and future prospects of various therapies available for the management of skin cancer.
皮肤癌（SC）对医疗保健系统构成全球威胁，如果不及早诊断，预计在未来二十年将显著增加。早期诊断对于成功治疗至关重要，因为随着疾病进展，治愈难度会越来越大。然而，识别新药、取得临床成功以及克服耐药性仍然是重大挑战。为克服这些障碍并提供有效治疗，了解皮肤癌的病因、细胞如何生长和分裂、影响细胞生长的因素以及耐药性如何产生至关重要。在本综述中，我们解释了通过配体、靶向光敏剂、用于治疗皮肤癌的天然和合成药物、用于管理黑色素瘤的表观遗传方法、光动力疗法以及针对BRAF突变黑色素瘤的靶向疗法等各种治疗皮肤癌的方法。本文还详细总结了各种对管理黑色素瘤和降低早期皮肤癌发生率有效的天然药物，并重点介绍了可用于管理皮肤癌的各种疗法的现状和未来前景。
