Beitollahi Hadi, Garkani Nejad Fraiba, Tajik Somayeh, Di Bartolomeo Antonio
Environment Department, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman P.O. Box 76318-85356, Iran.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman P.O. Box 76175-133, Iran.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2022 Oct 3;12(19):3454. doi: 10.3390/nano12193454.
This work focuses on the development of a novel electrochemical sensor for the determination of morphine in the presence of diclofenac. The facile synthesis of graphene-CoO nanocomposite was performed. The prepared material (graphene-CoO nanocomposite) was analyzed by diverse microscopic and spectroscopic approaches for its crystallinity, composition, and morphology. Concerning the electrochemical determinations, after drop-casting the as-fabricated graphene-CoO nanocomposite on the surface of a screen-printed graphite electrode (SPGE), their electrochemical performance was scrutinized towards the morphine detection. It was also found that an SPGE modified by a graphene-CoO nanocomposite exhibited better electrocatalytic activity for morphine oxidation than unmodified electrode. Under optimal conditions, the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was employed to explore the present sensor (graphene-CoO/SPGE), the findings of which revealed a linear dynamic range as broad as 0.02-575.0 µM and a limit of detection (LOD) as narrow as 0.007 μM. The sensitivity was estimated to be 0.4 µM/(µA cm). Furthermore, the graphene-CoO/SPGE sensor demonstrated good analytical efficiency for sensing morphine in the presence of diclofenac in well-spaced anodic peaks. According to the DPV results, this sensor displayed two distinct peaks for the oxidation of morphine and diclofenac with 350 mV potential difference. In addition, the graphene-CoO/SPGE was explored for voltammetric determination of diclofenac and morphine in pharmaceutical and biological specimens of morphine ampoule, diclofenac tablet, and urine, where recovery rates close to 100% were recorded for all of the samples.
这项工作聚焦于开发一种新型电化学传感器，用于在双氯芬酸存在的情况下测定吗啡。进行了石墨烯 - 氧化钴纳米复合材料的简便合成。通过多种显微镜和光谱方法对制备的材料（石墨烯 - 氧化钴纳米复合材料）的结晶度、组成和形态进行了分析。关于电化学测定，在将制备好的石墨烯 - 氧化钴纳米复合材料滴铸在丝网印刷石墨电极（SPGE）表面后，对其用于吗啡检测的电化学性能进行了研究。还发现，由石墨烯 - 氧化钴纳米复合材料修饰的SPGE对吗啡氧化表现出比未修饰电极更好的电催化活性。在最佳条件下，采用差分脉冲伏安法（DPV）对当前传感器（石墨烯 - 氧化钴/SPGE）进行探究，结果显示其线性动态范围宽达0.02 - 575.0 μM，检测限低至0.007 μM。灵敏度估计为0.4 μM/(μA cm)。此外，石墨烯 - 氧化钴/SPGE传感器在存在双氯芬酸的情况下，对吗啡的传感具有良好的分析效率，阳极峰间距合适。根据DPV结果，该传感器对吗啡和双氯芬酸的氧化显示出两个不同的峰，电位差为350 mV。此外，还对石墨烯 - 氧化钴/SPGE用于伏安法测定吗啡安瓿、双氯芬酸片和尿液等药物和生物样本中的双氯芬酸和吗啡进行了研究，所有样本的回收率均接近100%。
