La Vecchia C, Liati P, Decarli A, Negri E, Franceschi S
Int J Cancer. 1987 Sep 15;40(3):309-13. doi: 10.1002/ijc.2910400305.
The relationship between pancreatic cancer and coffee, decaffeinated coffee and tea drinking habits was evaluated using data from a hospital-based case-control study conducted in Northern Italy on 150 histologically confirmed cases and 605 controls with acute, non-neoplastic, other than digestive tract diseases unrelated to coffee consumption or to any of the known or potential risk factors for cancer of the pancreas. Compared with subjects who did not drink coffee, the multivariate relative risks were 1.7 for those who drank less than 2 cups per day, but only 1.4, and 1.1 respectively for drinkers of 3 or 4 and 5 or more cups. Likewise, there was no association with duration of consumption of coffee, decaffeinated coffee or tea. These findings were reviewed together with published evidence from other case-control studies (or cohort studies analyzed as case-control) of coffee and pancreatic cancer. When appropriate statistical methods were used to pool information, and the data from the first study which was the basis of the hypothesis were omitted, the relative risk of pancreatic cancer based on 1,464 cases was 1.2 for moderate coffee drinkers and 1.4 for heavy drinkers, and we suspect that at least part of this moderate residual association is confounded by cigarette smoking. Thus, although the present investigation and a general overview of published epidemiological evidence are compatible with a small effect of coffee on pancreatic carcinogenesis, interpretation of these findings is not obvious on account of the possibility of residual confounding and other sources of bias.
利用意大利北部一项基于医院的病例对照研究数据，评估胰腺癌与饮用咖啡、脱咖啡因咖啡和茶的习惯之间的关系。该研究选取了150例经组织学确诊的病例和605例对照，这些对照患有急性非肿瘤性疾病，且不是与咖啡消费或任何已知或潜在胰腺癌风险因素无关的消化道疾病。与不喝咖啡的受试者相比，每天饮用少于2杯咖啡的受试者多变量相对风险为1.7，但每天饮用3或4杯以及5杯或更多杯的受试者相对风险分别仅为1.4和1.1。同样，饮用咖啡、脱咖啡因咖啡或茶的时间长短与之并无关联。这些研究结果与其他关于咖啡和胰腺癌的病例对照研究（或作为病例对照分析的队列研究）已发表的证据一同进行了综述。当使用适当的统计方法汇总信息，并省略作为该假设基础的第一项研究的数据时，基于1464例病例，中度咖啡饮用者患胰腺癌的相对风险为1.2，重度饮用者为1.4，并且我们怀疑这种中度残留关联至少部分是由吸烟造成的混杂因素所致。因此，尽管目前的调查以及已发表的流行病学证据的总体概述与咖啡对胰腺癌发生有微小影响相一致，但由于可能存在残留混杂因素和其他偏差来源，这些研究结果的解释并不明确。
