Tavani A, Pregnolato A, La Vecchia C, Negri E, Talamini R, Franceschi S
Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy.
Int J Cancer. 1997 Oct 9;73(2):193-7. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19971009)73:2<193::aid-ijc5>3.0.co;2-r.
The relationship between coffee, decaffeinated coffee and tea intake and risk of cancers of the colon and rectum was considered combining data from 2 case-control studies, one conducted between 1985 and 1991 in Northern Italy and the other between 1991 and 1996 in 6 Italian centers. Cases were patients below age 80, with histologically confirmed cancer of the colon (n = 2,166) or rectum (n = 1,364), and controls were 7,057 patients admitted to hospital for a wide spectrum of acute, non-neoplastic, non-digestive tract diseases. Compared with coffee non-drinkers, the risk of colon cancer was reduced in drinkers of 4 or more cups/day [multivariate odds ratios (ORs) 0.73; 95% confidence intervals 0.60-0.89), with a significant trend in risk with dose; no significant association emerged between coffee drinking and risk of rectal cancer (OR 1.00 for drinkers of 4 or more cups/day). Decaffeinated coffee was consumed in small amounts by about 4% of cases and controls and the OR was 0.92 for colon and 0.88 for rectal cancers. Tea consumption was generally limited to 1 cup/day or to occasional intake and did not substantially modify the risk of colon and rectal cancers. No significant heterogeneity was found for the inverse relationship between coffee intake and colon cancer risk across strata of age at diagnosis, sex, smoking status, total alcohol and meat and vegetable intake, while the protection of coffee was stronger in people eating 3 or more meals/day. Thus, our results confirm that coffee intake has a quantifiable protective effect on colon cancer risk.
通过合并两项病例对照研究的数据，探讨了咖啡、脱咖啡因咖啡和茶的摄入量与结肠癌和直肠癌风险之间的关系。一项研究于1985年至1991年在意大利北部进行，另一项研究于1991年至1996年在意大利的6个中心开展。病例为80岁以下、经组织学确诊的结肠癌患者（n = 2166）或直肠癌患者（n = 1364），对照为7057名因各种急性、非肿瘤性、非消化道疾病入院的患者。与不喝咖啡的人相比，每天饮用4杯或更多杯咖啡的人患结肠癌的风险降低[多变量优势比（OR）为0.73；95%置信区间为0.60 - 0.89]，且风险随剂量有显著趋势；喝咖啡与直肠癌风险之间未发现显著关联（每天饮用4杯或更多杯咖啡的人OR为1.00）。约4%的病例和对照少量饮用脱咖啡因咖啡，结肠癌的OR为0.92，直肠癌的OR为0.88。茶的摄入量一般限制在每天1杯或偶尔饮用，并未显著改变结肠癌和直肠癌的风险。在诊断时的年龄、性别、吸烟状况、总酒精摄入量以及肉类和蔬菜摄入量等各分层中，未发现咖啡摄入量与结肠癌风险之间的负相关存在显著异质性，而在每天吃三餐或更多餐的人群中，咖啡的保护作用更强。因此，我们的结果证实咖啡摄入量对结肠癌风险具有可量化的保护作用。
