DeJong Lempke Alexandra F, Collins Sara E, Whitney Kristin E, D'Hemecourt Pierre A, Meehan William P
School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan; Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention; Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Boston Children's Hospital.
Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention; Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Boston Children's Hospital.
Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2022 Oct 2;17(6):1033-1042. doi: 10.26603/001c.38045. eCollection 2022.
There are multiple personal and environmental factors that influence the risk of developing running-related injuries (RRIs). However, it is unclear how these key clinical factors differ between adult and adolescent runners.
The purpose of this study was to compare anthropometric, training, and self-reported outcomes among adult and adolescent runners with and without lower extremity musculoskeletal RRIs.
Cross-sectional study.
Questionnaire responses and clinical assessment data were extracted from 38 adult runners (F: 25, M: 13; median age: 23 [range 18-36]) and 91 adolescent runners (F: 56, M: 35; median age: 15 [range 14-16]) who underwent a physical injury prevention evaluation at a hospital-affiliated sports injury prevention center between 2013 and 2021. Participants were sub-grouped into those with (adults: 25; adolescents: 38) and those without (adults: 13; adolescents: 53) a history of self-reported RRIs based on questionnaire responses. Multivariate analyses of covariance (MANCOVA) covarying for gender were conducted to compare outcomes across groups.
Adult runners had lower Functional Movement Screen™ (FMS™) scores (mean differences [MD]: -1.4, p=0.01), were more likely to report intentional weight-loss to improve athletic performance (% difference: 33.0%; p:<.001), and more frequently included resistance training into their training routines (% difference: 21.0%, p=0.01) compared to adolescents. Those with a history of RRIs were more likely to report intentional weight-loss compared to uninjured runners (% difference: 21.3; p=0.02) and had shorter single leg bridge durations than those without RRIs (RRI: 57.9±30, uninjured: 72.0±44, p=0.01).
The findings indicate that addressing aspects of biomechanics identified by the FMS™ and behaviors of weight loss as an effort to improve performance may represent targets for the prevention of RRIs for adult and adolescent runners, given the association with history of RRIs.
有多种个人和环境因素会影响发生跑步相关损伤（RRI）的风险。然而，目前尚不清楚这些关键临床因素在成年跑步者和青少年跑步者之间有何不同。
本研究的目的是比较有和没有下肢肌肉骨骼RRI的成年和青少年跑步者在人体测量学、训练和自我报告结果方面的差异。
横断面研究。
从2013年至2021年期间在一家附属医院的运动损伤预防中心接受身体损伤预防评估的38名成年跑步者（女性：25名，男性：13名；中位年龄：23岁[范围18 - 36岁]）和91名青少年跑步者（女性：56名，男性：35名；中位年龄：15岁[范围14 - 16岁]）中提取问卷回复和临床评估数据。根据问卷回复，参与者被分为有自我报告RRI病史的组（成年人：25名；青少年：38名）和无自我报告RRI病史的组（成年人：13名；青少年：53名）。进行了以性别为协变量的多变量协方差分析（MANCOVA）以比较各组之间的结果。
与青少年相比，成年跑步者的功能性动作筛查（FMS™）得分较低（平均差异[MD]：-1.4，p = 0.01），更有可能报告为提高运动成绩而有意减肥（百分比差异：33.0%；p < 0.001），并且在训练计划中更频繁地纳入阻力训练（百分比差异：21.0%，p = 0.01）。与未受伤的跑步者相比，有RRI病史的人更有可能报告有意减肥（百分比差异：21.3；p = 0.02），并且单腿桥接持续时间比没有RRI的人短（RRI组：57.9±30，未受伤组：72.0±44，p = 0.01）。
研究结果表明，鉴于与RRI病史的关联，解决FMS™所识别的生物力学方面以及将减肥作为提高成绩的一种努力的行为，可能代表成年和青少年跑步者预防RRI的目标。
3级。
