Prudente João Nunes, Cardoso Americo Ramos, Rodrigues Ana Jose, Mendes João Noite, Fernando Catarina, Lopes Helder, Sousa Duarte Filipe
Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal.
Escola Superior de Tecnologias e Gestão, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal.
Front Psychol. 2022 Sep 27;13:809909. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.809909. eCollection 2022.
The dynamic of changes in the rules in team games materialize from research and debate between experts and coaches before being implemented by the International Federations. In Handball, the last changes occurred in 2016, and one of them was to substitute the goalkeeper with an additional field player allowing teams to play "empty goal" while using the additional field player. This study aimed to analyze and characterize the use of the 7 vs. 6 strategical-tactical option for the attack in the 2020 Men's European Championship. We also analyzed whether the game time and partial score influenced the use of 7 vs. 6 and its efficiency. Observational methodology and a mixed instrument combining field format and category systems validated by experts were used. Data were taken from 28 matches involving teams in the first 12 positions in the 2020 Men's European Championship. The total number of offensive sequences in an organized attack method in 7 vs. 6 with an empty goal ( = 123) were analyzed. Sequential analysis techniques with lags, prospective and retrospective, and polar coordinate analysis were used. The results showed that (a) these solutions had poor efficiency, except for the Portuguese National Team; (b) teams using the 7 vs. 6 tactic option had no negative consequences or increased risk with the opponent response; (c) partial score influenced the decision to use 7 vs. 6 strategic option, and (d) game time was associated with 7 vs. 6 play options and detected patterns.
团队比赛规则变化的动态过程是在国际联合会实施之前，由专家和教练之间的研究与辩论形成的。在手球比赛中，上一次规则变化发生在2016年，其中一项变化是用一名额外的场上球员替换守门员，使球队在使用这名额外的场上球员时可以打“空门”。本研究旨在分析和描述2020年男子欧洲锦标赛中进攻时7对6战略战术选择的使用情况。我们还分析了比赛时间和局部分数是否会影响7对6战术的使用及其效率。采用了观察法以及一种由专家验证的结合场地形式和分类系统的混合工具。数据取自2020年男子欧洲锦标赛排名前12位的球队的28场比赛。分析了7对6且打空门的有组织进攻方式中的进攻序列总数（=123）。使用了带有滞后、前瞻性和回顾性的序列分析技术以及极坐标分析。结果表明：（a）除了葡萄牙国家队外，这些战术效率低下；（b）采用7对6战术选择的球队不会因对手的应对而产生负面后果或增加风险；（c）局部分数会影响使用7对6战略选择的决定；（d）比赛时间与7对6的战术选择及所发现的模式有关。
