Zewdie Segenet, Moges Getachew, Andargie Assefa, Habte Bruck Messele
Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2022 Oct 6;15:3081-3091. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S373449. eCollection 2022.
Diabetes self-care is important to maintain optimal glycemic control and prevent debilitating and costly complications. Diabetes self-care may be improved through the identification of individual and group barriers to regimen adherence and subsequent development of specific plans to overcome these barriers. This study assessed the self-care practice and associated factors among type 2 diabetes patients attending their treatment at Dessie Referral Hospital, Dessie, North-Eastern Ethiopia.
The study employed parallel mixed methods design which followed a cross-sectional interview and in-depth interview methods, respectively, from September to October 2019. The collected data were subjected to descriptive and inferential analysis for the quantitative part and a thematic analysis for the qualitative part.
A total of 328 type 2 diabetes patients participated in the study of which 50.3% reported good self-care practice. Being in the age category of 60-69 years old (AOR = 0.334, 95% CI (0.135, 0.951)), being ≥70 years old (AOR = 0.359, 95% CI (0.135, 0.951)), having complications (AOR = 1.956, 95% CI (1.172, 3.262)), having co-morbidity (AOR = 0.443, 95% CI (0.262, 0.749)) and diabetes education (AOR = 2.684, 95% CI (1.633, 4.412)) were significantly associated with good diabetes self-care. Accessibility, social support, knowledge and beliefs and diabetes-related morbidities were identified as barriers to diabetes self-care by the patients.
The findings from this study revealed that only half of the type 2 diabetes patients who participated in this study reported good self-care practice. Different factors, including diabetes education, were significantly associated with good diabetes self-care according to the quantitative study. This was supported by the findings from the qualitative part and thus the recommendation to strengthen diabetes health education to patients and their families.
糖尿病自我管理对于维持最佳血糖控制以及预防使人衰弱且代价高昂的并发症至关重要。通过识别个体和群体在治疗方案依从性方面的障碍，并随后制定克服这些障碍的具体计划，可改善糖尿病自我管理。本研究评估了在埃塞俄比亚东北部德西转诊医院接受治疗的2型糖尿病患者的自我管理实践及相关因素。
该研究采用平行混合方法设计，于2019年9月至10月分别采用横断面访谈和深入访谈方法。收集的数据分别进行定量部分的描述性和推断性分析以及定性部分的主题分析。
共有328名2型糖尿病患者参与了该研究，其中50.3%报告有良好的自我管理实践。年龄在60 - 69岁（调整后比值比[AOR]=0.334，95%置信区间[CI](0.135, 0.951)）、年龄≥70岁（AOR = 0.359，95% CI(0.135, 0.951)）、有并发症（AOR = 1.956，95% CI(1.172, 3.262)）、有合并症（AOR = 0.443，95% CI(0.262, 0.749)）以及接受糖尿病教育（AOR = 2.684，95% CI(1.633, 4.412)）与良好的糖尿病自我管理显著相关。患者将可及性、社会支持、知识与信念以及糖尿病相关疾病视为糖尿病自我管理的障碍。
本研究结果显示，参与本研究的2型糖尿病患者中只有一半报告有良好的自我管理实践。根据定量研究，包括糖尿病教育在内的不同因素与良好的糖尿病自我管理显著相关。定性部分的研究结果支持了这一点，因此建议加强对患者及其家属的糖尿病健康教育。
