自然灾害后立即提供心理健康服务：波多黎各飓风玛丽亚后的经验。
Provision of mental health services immediately following a natural disaster: Experiences after Hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico.
机构信息
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; now at: Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9408-1299.
Mental Health Disparities and Diversity Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
出版信息
J Emerg Manag. 2021;19(8 (Spec Issue on Puerto Rico)):167-175. doi: 10.5055/jem.0634.
OBJECTIVE
The increased risk of mental health disorders in the months and years following a natural disaster highlights the need for more immediate preventive intervention. The objective of the current study was to learn from a real-time implementation of a natural disaster response following the Hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico to identify strategies for providing mental health services immediately after a natural disaster.
METHODS
Two focus groups were held with faculty (n = 6) and graduate students (n = 4) from a graduate psychology program at the Universidad Carlos Albizu, Centro Universitario Mayagüez. An additional key informant interview was conducted with two faculty member participants. Data were analyzed qualitatively using thematic analysis.
RESULTS
The delivery of mental health services was organized into three major themes: (1) finding a way to communicate, (2) targeting key access points for outreach and centralization of resources, and (3) providing triaged mental health care based on level of need.
CONCLUSIONS
Findings are used to guide recommendations for mental health response preparation in future natural disaster contexts.
目的
自然灾害发生后的数月乃至数年，心理健康障碍的风险增加，这突显了需要采取更即时的预防干预措施。本研究的目的是从波多黎各飓风玛丽亚发生后的自然灾害即时应对中吸取经验，以确定在自然灾害发生后立即提供心理健康服务的策略。
方法
在卡洛斯阿尔比祖大学梅亚圭兹校区的一个研究生心理学项目中，对 6 名教师和 4 名研究生进行了两次焦点小组讨论。还对两位教师参与者进行了一次额外的关键知情人访谈。使用主题分析对数据进行定性分析。
结果
心理健康服务的提供组织成三个主要主题：（1）寻找沟通方式，（2）针对外联和资源集中的关键接入点，以及（3）根据需求水平提供分诊后的心理健康护理。
结论
研究结果用于指导未来自然灾害背景下心理健康应对准备的建议。
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