Kew M C, Kassianides C, Berger E L, Song E, Dusheiko G M
J Med Virol. 1987 Jul;22(3):263-8. doi: 10.1002/jmv.1890220310.
Urban black children have an appreciably lower hepatitis B virus (HBV) carrier rate than rural Black children. The purpose of this study was to determine the carrier rate in the preceding generation of urban-born Blacks, in order to establish how rapidly the reduction in carrier rate following urbanization has occurred. HBV markers were measured by radioimmunoassay in the serum of 616 urban-born and 618 rural-born pregnant Black women living in Soweto. HBV carriage was significantly less frequent in the urban-born (1.3%) than in the rural-born women (4.0%; P less than 0.05). Total HBV exposure was also less common in the urban-born women (35.2% compared with 44.7%; P less than 0.001). HBV carrier rates were the same in women whose mothers were urban-born (1.31%) and those with rural-born mothers (1.68%). Only three rural-born and no urban-born women had replicative HBV infection. These findings suggest that the decrease in the HBV carrier rate with urbanization is abrupt, occurring in the first generation born in the urban environment.
城市黑人儿童的乙肝病毒（HBV）携带率明显低于农村黑人儿童。本研究的目的是确定上一代城市出生的黑人的携带率，以便确定城市化后携带率下降的速度有多快。通过放射免疫分析法检测了居住在索韦托的616名城市出生和618名农村出生的黑人孕妇血清中的HBV标志物。城市出生的孕妇中HBV携带情况（1.3%）明显低于农村出生的孕妇（4.0%；P<0.05）。城市出生的孕妇中总的HBV暴露情况也较少见（35.2%，相比之下农村出生的孕妇为44.7%；P<0.001）。母亲为城市出生的女性的HBV携带率（1.31%）与母亲为农村出生的女性（1.68%）相同。只有3名农村出生的女性有HBV复制感染，而城市出生的女性没有。这些发现表明，随着城市化进程，HBV携带率的下降是突然的，发生在城市环境中出生的第一代人身上。
